World Neurosurg
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Eugenol has various curative properties. It affects the dilatation of cerebral arteries by voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel inhibition. This study is the first to explore the impact of eugenol on neuroprotection and vasospasm in an experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) model. ⋯ This study represents the first literature exploration of intrathecal eugenol's impact on vasospasm induced after experimental SAH. Administration of intrathecal eugenol demonstrates a positive effect on treatment of experimental vasospasm, as well as on reduction of oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Complex intracranial aneurysms (CIAs) comprise a subset of lesions with defiant vascular architecture, difficult access, and prior treatment. Surgical management of CIAs is often challenging and demands an assessment on a case-by-case basis. The generational evolution of bypass surgery has offered a long-standing potential for effective cerebral revascularization. Herein, we aim to illustrate a single-center experience treating CIAs. ⋯ CIAs represent a spectrum of defiant vascular lesions with a poor natural history. Bypass surgery offers the potential for definitive treatment. Our case series illustrated the predominant role of cerebral revascularization of CIAs with a critical case-by-case approach to provide optimal outcomes in a limited-resource setting.
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This study aims to assess race as an independent risk factor for postoperative complications after surgical fixation of traumatic thoracolumbar fractures for African American and Asian American patients compared with white patients. ⋯ African American and Asian American patients undergoing thoracolumbar fusion surgeries exhibit disproportionate comorbidity burden, longer LOS, and greater postoperative complications compared with white patients. Furthermore, the African American race was associated with an increased rate of 30-day postoperative complications.
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Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques offer a promising multidisciplinary solution for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) detection. The novel transfer learning approach mitigates the time constraints associated with the traditional techniques and demonstrates a superior performance. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and CNN-based transfer learning models in differentiating between aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (naSAH). ⋯ CNN-based transfer learning models can accurately diagnose the etiology of SAH from CT images and is a valuable tool for clinicians. This approach could reduce the need for invasive procedures such as digital subtraction angiography, leading to more efficient medical resource utilization and improved patient outcomes.
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To compare the diameter of the jugular foramen (JF) between normal individuals and those with the diagnosis of craniovertebral junction abnormalities, such as Chiari malformation type I (CMI) and/or basilar invagination (BI). ⋯ JF narrowing is associated with CMI and BI when they are found combined in the same patient. When CMI or BI are detected separately, they do not imply evident changes in JF morphometry. It is expected that these findings could bring empiric substrate to support theories that claims a possible role of intracranial pressure disturbances as a triggering factor for CMI.