• Melih Unal, Cemil Aktan, Ali Levent, Mustafa Cetin, Ozkan Kose, and Levent Sarikcioglu.
• Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Antalya Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi, Soğuksu mah. Kazım Karabekir Cd., Muratpaşa, 07100, Antalya, Turkey.
• Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2022 Jun 1; 142 (6): 1099-1107.

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the morphological variations in the cross-sectional anatomy of the meniscus between similar-sized matched menisci.Materials And MethodsKnee MRI of 329 patients with intact menisci were retrospectively reviewed, and the meniscal length (ML), meniscal width (MW), and cross-sectional dimensions (meniscal height and width) of the anterior, posterior horns, and the corpus were measured. Patients with similar-sized menisci who had less than 1 mm difference in ML and MW were matched. 330 male-to-male medial menisci (MM), 623 male-to-male lateral menisci (LM), 82 female-to-female MM, 233 female-to-female LM, 176 cross-gender MM, and 265 cross-gender LM unique combination of ideally matched pairs (total: 1709) were generated. The disparity in the cross-sectional dimensions, absolute difference, and the paired percent differences was statistically analyzed.ResultsThe ML and MW in all groups were statistically similar, with a predefined absolute difference of 1 mm both for ML and MW (paired percent difference < 5%). The cross-sectional segmental meniscal dimensions were similar within all groups, but the paired percent differences showed high variations between a mean of 12.1-21.5% and up to 150.9%. The paired percent difference of MM in each segmental dimension was similar among different gender combinations. However, segmental paired percent differences of LM showed statistical differences in anterior horn width (AHW) (p: 0.001) and posterior horn width (PHW) (p: 0.001). In subgroup comparisons, the paired percent difference of AHW was higher in the female-to-female group compared to cross-gender (p: 0.023) and male-to-male groups (p: 0.001). The paired percent difference of PHW was smaller in the male-to-male group compared to female-to-female and cross-gender groups (p: 0.001 for both).ConclusionsSegmental cross-sectional anatomy showed wide variations despite strict matching in ML and MW. These variations were present in all gender combinations. The meniscal 3D shape is unique, but acceptable limits of similarity need further research.Level Of EvidenceRetrospective study, Level III.© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

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