-
- A Udén, M Aström, and H Bergenudd.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Malmö General Hospital, Lund University, Sweden.
- Spine. 1988 Apr 1; 13 (4): 389-92.
AbstractPain drawings were obtained from two groups of patients and one of nonpatients, in a total of 264 subjects, all suffering from back pain. The pain drawings were rated in four grades according to the degree of nonorganic and extended pain. The reliability was excellent with an intra- and interrater agreement of 80 and 70%, respectively. Three quarters of the nonpatient group had dull aching pain in the lower back only, whereas widespread or nonanatomical pain was prevalent in patients responding poorly to treatment. A correlation was also found to ethnic background and social situation but not to alcohol abuse or psychiatric illness. Pain drawings afford an important clue to nonorganic factors in the assessment of back pain.
Notes
Knowledge, pearl, summary or comment to share?You can also include formatting, links, images and footnotes in your notes
- Simple formatting can be added to notes, such as
*italics*,_underline_or**bold**. - Superscript can be denoted by
<sup>text</sup>and subscript<sub>text</sub>. - Numbered or bulleted lists can be created using either numbered lines
1. 2. 3., hyphens-or asterisks*. - Links can be included with:
[my link to pubmed](http://pubmed.com) - Images can be included with:
 - For footnotes use
[^1](This is a footnote.)inline. - Or use an inline reference
[^1]to refer to a longer footnote elseweher in the document[^1]: This is a long footnote..