• Neuroscience · Nov 2019

    Search for a minimal machinery for Ca2+-triggered millisecond neuroexocytosis.

    • Dae-Hyuk Kweon, Byoungjae Kong, and Yeon-Kyun Shin.
    • Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, South Korea.
    • Neuroscience. 2019 Nov 10; 420: 4-11.

    AbstractNeurons have the remarkable ability to release a batch of neurotransmitters into the synapse immediately after an action potential. This signature event is made possible by the simultaneous fusion of a number of synaptic vesicles to the plasma membrane upon Ca2+ entry into the active zone. The outcomes of both cellular and in vitro studies suggest that soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) and synaptotagmin 1 (Syt1) constitute the minimal fast exocytosis machinery in the neuron. Syt1 is the major Ca2+-sensor and orchestrates the synchronous start of individual vesicle fusion events while SNAREs are the membrane fusion machinery that dictates the kinetics of each single fusion event. The data also suggest that Ca2+-bound Syt1 is involved in the upstream docking step which leads to an increase in the number of fusion events or the size of the release, leaving the SNARE complex alone to carry out membrane fusion by themselves.Copyright © 2018 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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