Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation support application on a smartphone - randomized controlled trial.
This simulation trial aimed to compare the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with and without the newly-developed CPR support application on smartphones. ⋯ In this cohort of laypersons, the newly-developed CPR support application for smartphones contributed to increasing the implementation rate and the number of total chest compressions performed and may assist in improving the survival rate for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (UMIN000004740).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Urgent management of rapid heart rate in patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter and left ventricular dysfunction: comparison of the ultra-short-acting β1-selective blocker landiolol with digoxin (J-Land Study).
A rapid heart rate (HR) during atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) in left ventricular (LV) dysfunction often impairs cardiac performance. The J-Land study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of landiolol, an ultra-short-acting β-blocker, with those of digoxin for swift control of tachycardia in AF/AFL in patients with LV dysfunction. ⋯ Landiolol was more effective for controlling rapid HR than digoxin in AF/AFL patients with LV dysfunction, and could be considered as a therapeutic option in this clinical setting.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Remote ischemic pre-conditioning alleviates contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients with moderate chronic kidney disease.
Although remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is shown to preserve kidney function in patients at high risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI), the effect in patients at low-moderate risk remains unknown. The preventive effects of RIPC in patients not at high risk of CI-AKI were examined, and biomarkers with anticipated roles in renal protection via RIPC investigated. ⋯ RIPC alleviates CI-AKI in patients at low-moderate risk. This effect might be mediated partly by decreasing oxidative stress and plasma ADMA level.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Landiolol, an ultra-short-acting β₁-blocker, more effectively terminates atrial fibrillation than diltiazem after open heart surgery: prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label study (JL-KNIGHT study).
Recent studies have suggested that esmolol is the first choice for rate control in patients with postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass surgery, but side-effects of esmolol such as hypotension are problematic. To overcome this problem, landiolol, an ultra-short-acting β(1)-blocker with a less negative inotropic effect than esmolol, has been developed. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether landiolol was effective for both rate control and conversion to normal sinus rhythm (NSR). ⋯ Landiolol is more effective and safer than diltiazem for patients with postoperative AF after open heart surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass with intra-aortic balloon pump improves organ function and reduces endothelial activation.
We aimed to evaluate if the use of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) during cardioplegic arrest improves organ function and reduces endothelial activation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). ⋯ Pulsatile flow by IABP improves whole-body perfusion and reduces endothelial activation during CPB.