Medicina clinica
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Review Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Comparative efficacy of antifungal drugs for the treatment of oral candidiasis in HIV-positive patients: A Bayesian network meta-analysis.
Oral candidiasis infection is particularly prevalent among individuals in HIV-positive patients. Antifungal drugs have shown promising therapeutic effects in treating oral candidiasis in HIV-positive patients. However, the selection of specific antifungal drugs for the treatment of oral candidiasis in HIV-positive patients lacks evidence-based guidelines. ⋯ Ketoconazole and miconazole were significantly efficacy in increasing mycological cure rates when compared with nystatin. Network meta-analysis also suggested the efficacy of the seven interventions in increasing mycological cure rates was ranked as follows: placebo (35.3%), fluconazole (95.2%), itraconazole (61.6%), nystatin (17.0%), clotrimazole (52.7%), ketoconazole (69.2%), miconazole (69.1%). The available evidence indicates that fluconazole had the greatest possibility to increase mycological cure rates in HIV-positive patients, while, nystatin was the least effective antifungal drug in increasing mycological cure rates in HIV-positive patients.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a frequently used test in the diagnosis of dementia. The objective was to evaluate its effectiveness for the early diagnosis of dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). ⋯ There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine brain MRI for the early diagnosis of dementia in patients with MCI.
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Meta Analysis
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension treatment and sex: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a complication of pulmonary embolism and a major cause of chronic pulmonary hypertension leading to right heart failure and death. While pulmonary endarterectomy is the treatment of choice, some patients might benefit from medical therapy or balloon pulmonary angioplasty. Sex differences in outcomes of these therapies are not well characterized. ⋯ Women and men might show different hemodynamic responses to riociguat or BPA for CTEPH.
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Recent clinical studies have yielded controversial results regarding the effect of probiotics on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects. To clarify the efficacy of probiotics on cognition, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). ⋯ This meta-analysis found that probiotic supplementation is associated with an improvement in cognitive performance among patients with AD and MCI. However, current evidence is limited, and more reliable large-scale RCTs with higher methodological quality are needed.
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Review Meta Analysis
The effect of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hemodialysis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.
Anemia is a common condition in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are commonly used to treat anemia in these patients. However, concerns have been raised regarding their potential effects on blood pressure. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to investigate the relationship between ESAs and changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hemodialysis patients. ⋯ Based on the findings of our study, it appears that receiving ESAs is associated with a significant increase in both SBP and DBP in hemodialysis patients, with an increase of about 5mmHg.