Future microbiology
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Future microbiology · Jul 2016
ReviewCurrent strategies for diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis and prospects of methods based on gold nanoparticles.
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a human systemic granulomatous mycosis caused by thermodimorphic fungi from Paracoccidioides genus. The disease is prevalent in Latin America and triggers a serious clinical condition. Consequently, rapid diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent progression of the disease, which can result in death. ⋯ However, many of these tests still present challenges in terms of cost, accessibility and efficiency. In this scenario, gold nanoparticles represent a promising alternative since they have particular optical and electronic properties, which allow its use for biomolecules detection. This review will briefly present techniques available for PCM diagnosis and the perspectives of implementation of gold nanoparticles for diagnosis of this mycosis.
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Future microbiology · Jan 2016
ReviewHistones as mediators of host defense, inflammation and thrombosis.
Histones are known for their ability to bind to and regulate expression of DNA. However, histones are also present in cytoplasm and extracellular fluids where they serve host defense functions and promote inflammatory responses. ⋯ In addition, histones can trigger inflammatory responses in some cases acting through Toll-like receptors or inflammasome pathways. Extracellular histones mediate organ injury (lung, liver), sepsis physiology, thrombocytopenia and thrombin generation and some proteins can bind histones and reduce these potentially harmful effects.
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Future microbiology · Jan 2015
ReviewSystematic review on intervention with prebiotics/probiotics in patients with obesity-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
The gut microbiota is modulated by metabolic derangements, such as nutrition overload and obesity. ⋯ Although probiotics and prebiotics have been proposed in the treatment and prevention of patients with obesity-related NAFLD, their therapeutic use is not supported by high-quality clinical studies.
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Future microbiology · Jan 2015
ReviewSystematic review on intervention with prebiotics/probiotics in patients with obesity-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
The gut microbiota is modulated by metabolic derangements, such as nutrition overload and obesity. ⋯ Although probiotics and prebiotics have been proposed in the treatment and prevention of patients with obesity-related NAFLD, their therapeutic use is not supported by high-quality clinical studies.
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Future microbiology · Jan 2015
ReviewClinical development of RTS,S/AS malaria vaccine: a systematic review of clinical Phase I-III trials.
The first clinical Phase III trial evaluating a malaria vaccine was completed in December 2013 at 11 sites from seven sub-Saharan African countries. This systematic review assesses data of Phase I-III trials including malaria-naive adults and adults, children and infants from malaria endemic settings in sub-Saharan Africa. ⋯ The RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine may become available on the market in the coming year. If so, further strategies should address challenges on how to optimize vaccine efficacy and implementation of RTS,S/AS01 vaccine within the framework of established malaria control measures.