Anesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of the intubation conditions provided by rapacuronium (ORG 9487) or succinylcholine in humans during anesthesia with fentanyl and propofol.
Currently, the only approved muscle relaxant with a rapid onset and short duration of action is succinylcholine, a drug with some undesirable effects. Rapacuronium is an investigational nondepolarizing relaxant that also has a rapid onset and short duration and consequently should be compared with succinylcholine in its ability to facilitate rapid tracheal intubation. ⋯ A 1.5-mg/kg dose of rapacuronium effectively facilitates rapid tracheal intubation. It can be considered a valid alternative to 1.0 mg/kg succinylcholine for this purpose.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Perflubron emulsion delays blood transfusions in orthopedic surgery. European Perflubron Emulsion Study Group.
Fluorocarbon emulsions have been proposed as temporary artificial oxygen carriers. The aim of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of perflubron emulsion with the effectiveness of autologous blood or colloid infusion for reversal of physiologic transfusion triggers. ⋯ Perflubron emulsion (1.8 g/kg) combined with 100% oxygen ventilation is more effective than autologous blood or colloid infusion in reversing physiologic transfusion triggers.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Caudal block in children: ropivacaine compared with bupivacaine.
Bupivacaine provides reliable, long-lasting anesthesia and analgesia when given via the caudal route. Ropivacaine is a newer, long-acting local anesthetic that (at a concentration providing similar pain relief) has less motor nerve blockade and may have less cardiotoxicity than bupivacaine. ⋯ Ropivacaine (0.25%, 1 ml/kg) provided adequate postoperative analgesia with no difference from bupivacaine (0.25%, 1 ml/kg) in quality and duration of pain relief, motor and sensory effects, or time to first micturition in our study children.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Evaluation of tracheal intubation difficulty in patients with cervical spine immobilization: fiberoptic (WuScope) versus conventional laryngoscopy.
The WuScope is a rigid, fiberoptic laryngoscope designed to facilitate tracheal intubation without the need for head extension. The study evaluated the WuScope in anesthetized patients with neck immobilization. ⋯ Compared with conventional laryngoscopy, tracheal intubation using the fiberoptic laryngoscope was associated with lower intubation difficulty scale scores and better views of the laryngeal aperture in patients with cervical imnmobilization. However, there were no differences in success rates or number of intubation attempts.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Intrathecal ropivacaine for ambulatory surgery.
The rationale of this study was to evaluate intrathecal ropivacaine for ambulatory surgery. ⋯ Intrathecal ropivacaine 12 mg is approximately equivalent to bupivacaine 8 mg. At this dose, ropivacaine offers no significant advantage compared with bupivacaine.