Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2024
Peripheral hearing loss at age 70 predicts brain atrophy and associated cognitive change.
Hearing loss has been proposed as a modifiable risk factor for dementia. However, the relationship between hearing, neurodegeneration, and cognitive change, and the extent to which pathological processes such as Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular disease influence these relationships, is unclear. ⋯ Hearing loss may influence dementia risk via pathways distinct from those typically implicated in Alzheimer's and cerebrovascular disease in cognitively unimpaired older adults.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2024
Prognostic factors for disease activity in newly diagnosed teriflunomide-treated patients with multiple sclerosis: a nationwide Danish study.
Clinicians frequently rely on relapse counts, T2 MRI lesion load (T2L) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores to guide treatment decisions for individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study evaluates how these factors, along with age and sex, influence prognosis during treatment with teriflunomide (TFL). ⋯ A high number of pretreatment relapses was only associated with an increased risk of disease activity in females, while age had a differential impact on the risk of disease activity according to sex. Clinicians may consider age, sex and relapses when deciding on TFL treatment.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2024
Trends in the prevalence and pharmacological management of migraine during pregnancy in the UK, 2000-2018.
Migraine is common in women of reproductive age. This study aimed to (1) describe the prevalence of migraine in pregnant women in the UK, (2) identify drugs commonly prescribed for migraine during pregnancy and (3) identify characteristics associated with being prescribed medication for migraine during pregnancy. ⋯ Rates of recorded migraine have increased over the past two decades as well as rates of prescribing in women with migraine. Higher prescribing rates are seen in certain groups, which has the potential to exacerbate health inequalities.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2024
Neuroanatomical and prognostic associations of depression in Parkinson's disease.
Depression is reported as a risk factor, prodromal feature and late consequence of Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to evaluate the timing, neuroanatomy and prognostic implications of depression in PD. ⋯ This large-scale prospective study demonstrated that depression prevalence increases from 10 years before PD diagnosis and is a marker of cortical and subcortical volume loss. Depression before PD diagnosis signals a worse prognosis in terms of dementia and mortality. This has clinical implications in stratifying people with poorer cognitive and prognostic trajectory in PD.