JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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Among patients with multiple myeloma, is bisphosphonate therapy associated with lower rates of mortality, vertebral fractures, nonvertebral fractures, and skeletal-related events compared with placebo or no treatment? ⋯ Among patients with myeloma, bisphosphonates were associated with lower rates of pathological fractures and skeletal-related events compared with placebo or no treatment. Direct meta-analysis showed no association between bisphosphonates and mortality. In network meta-analysis, zoledronate was associated with lower risk of mortality compared with placebo or no treatment.
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Review Meta Analysis
Association of Thyroid Hormone Therapy With Quality of Life and Thyroid-Related Symptoms in Patients With Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
The benefit of thyroid hormone therapy for subclinical hypothyroidism is uncertain. New evidence from recent large randomized clinical trials warrants an update of previous meta-analyses. ⋯ Among nonpregnant adults with subclinical hypothyroidism, the use of thyroid hormone therapy was not associated with improvements in general quality of life or thyroid-related symptoms. These findings do not support the routine use of thyroid hormone therapy in adults with subclinical hypothyroidism.
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Overweight and obesity have been associated with adverse health effects. ⋯ Behavior-based weight loss interventions with or without weight loss medications were associated with more weight loss and a lower risk of developing diabetes than control conditions. Weight loss medications, but not behavior-based interventions, were associated with higher rates of harms. Long-term weight and health outcomes data, as well as data on important subgroups, were limited.
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Review Meta Analysis
Will This Hospitalized Patient Develop Severe Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome?: The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review.
Although severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome (SAWS) is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, most at-risk patients will not develop this syndrome. Predicting its occurrence is important because the mortality rate is high when untreated. ⋯ Assessment tools that use a combination of symptoms and signs are useful for identifying patients at risk of developing severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Most studies of these tools were not fully validated, limiting their generalizability.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Association Between Oxygen Saturation Targeting and Death or Disability in Extremely Preterm Infants in the Neonatal Oxygenation Prospective Meta-analysis Collaboration.
There are potential benefits and harms of hyperoxemia and hypoxemia for extremely preterm infants receiving more vs less supplemental oxygen. ⋯ In this prospectively planned meta-analysis of individual participant data from extremely preterm infants, there was no significant difference between a lower Spo2 target range compared with a higher Spo2 target range on the primary composite outcome of death or major disability at a corrected age of 18 to 24 months. The lower Spo2 target range was associated with a higher risk of death and necrotizing enterocolitis, but a lower risk of retinopathy of prematurity treatment.