Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Exercise rehabilitation improves functional outcomes and peripheral circulation in patients with intermittent claudication: a randomized controlled trial.
To determine the effects of a 6-month exercise program on ambulatory function, free-living daily physical activity, peripheral circulation, and health-related quality of life (QOL) in disabled older patients with intermittent claudication. ⋯ Improvements in claudication following exercise rehabilitation in older PAOD patients are dependent on improvements in peripheral circulation and walking economy. Improvement in treadmill claudication distances in these patients translated into increased accelerometer-derived physical activity in the community, which enabled the patients to become more functionally independent.
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Comparative Study
Factors associated with home versus institutional death among cancer patients in Connecticut.
To assess the relationships between home death and a set of demographic, disease-related, and health-resource factors among individuals who died of cancer. ⋯ The implications of this study for clinical practice and health planning are considerable. The findings identify groups (men, unmarried individuals, and those living in lower income areas) at higher risk for institutionalized death-groups that may be targeted for possible interventions to promote home death when home death is preferred by patients and their families. Further, the findings suggest that site of death is influenced by available health-system resources. Thus, if home death is to be supported, the relative availability of hospital beds and hospice providers may be an effective policy tool for promoting home death.
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To identify specific characteristics of patients, physicians, and treatment settings associated with decreased receipt of essential medications in a chronically ill, older population following a Medicaid three-prescription monthly reimbursement limit (cap). ⋯ Patients most at risk of reduced access to essential medications because of a reimbursement cap include those with multiple chronic illnesses requiring drug therapy, especially illnesses with a mental health component. Physicians in clinics or large group practices may have maintained patient medication regimens more effectively.
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To determine whether home health agency patients' preferences to die at home can be honored following a structured, professionally facilitated advance-care planning (ACP) process provided in the home. ⋯ In this series of seriously ill home health patients, most preferred to die at home and virtually all were willing to participate in a home-based ACP process. Facilitating ACP among such patients and their families was associated with end-of-life care at home. Use of hospice services was common following ACP in this population.
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To identify epidemiological trends and measure outcomes in elderly patients hospitalized for cardiac conduction disorders or arrhythmias. ⋯ Medicare claims data demonstrated striking differences among and within diagnoses of heart blocks or arrhythmias in terms of the populations at greatest risk for hospitalization. This variation should be explored further to generate and test hypotheses about differential causation or delivery of care.