Pain
-
Combat trauma can lead to widespread tissue damage and limb loss. This may result in chronic neuropathic and post amputation pain, including phantom limb pain (PLP) and residual limb pain (RLP). The military population is distinct with respect to demographic, injury, and social characteristics compared with other amputation and trauma cohorts. ⋯ Factors reported by included studies as being associated with PLP included the presence of RLP and psychological comorbidity. The prevalence of postamputation pain and chronic neuropathic pain after combat trauma is high. We highlight inconsistency of case definitions and terminology for pain and the need for consensus in future research of traumatic injury.
-
Meta Analysis
The effect of experimental emotion induction on experimental pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The idea that emotions can influence pain is generally recognized. However, a synthesis of the numerous individual experimental studies on this subject is lacking. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize the existing evidence on the effect of experimental emotion induction on experimental pain in nonclinical adults. ⋯ Taken together, the findings indicate a pain-attenuating effect of positive emotion induction, while the findings for negative emotion induction are less clear. The findings are discussed with reference to theoretical work emphasizing the role of motivational systems and distraction for pain. Limitations include considerable heterogeneity across studies limiting the generalizability of the findings.
-
Neural mobilisations (NM) have been advocated for the treatment of nerve-related cervicobrachial pain; however, it is unclear what types of patients with nerve-related cervicobrachial pain (if any) may benefit. Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, PeDro, Cinahl, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception until December 2022. Randomised controlled trials were included if they assessed the effectiveness of NM in nerve-related cervicobrachial pain, and outcome measures were pain intensity and/or disability. ⋯ In most comparisons, there were significant differences in the effectiveness of NM between the subgroups. Neural mobilisations was consistently more effective than all alternative interventions (no treatment, traction, exercise, and standard physiotherapy alone) in 13 studies classified as Wainner cluster. PROSPERO registration: CRD42022376087.
-
Meta Analysis
Overview of the economic burden of musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
Studies suggest a high economic burden among children and adolescents with musculoskeletal pain. There is no summary in the literature on the overall economic burden of musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents. The aim of this systematic review of cost-of-illness studies was to synthesize the economic burden of musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents. ⋯ Nine studies estimated the annual societal costs that ranged from $1095 to $69,351 per patient. Children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and musculoskeletal pain had higher annual incremental healthcare costs than those without these conditions (mean difference: $3800 higher, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 50-7550; mean difference: $740 higher, 95% CI: 470-1,010, respectively). In conclusion, the estimated annual economic burden of children and adolescents with musculoskeletal pain ranged from $124 to $69,351.