Irish journal of medical science
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With increasing surgeon experience, the use of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) in large and locally advanced renal tumours (T3a) is gaining favour in urological practice. There are limited studies reporting surgical outcomes in such groups. The aim of this study was to review our experience with LRN in these patients. ⋯ Our study shows that LRN has equivalent perioperative outcomes and safety in larger and locally advanced renal tumours.
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Nitric oxide (NO) has diverse roles as a biological messenger. [1] Topically applied nitrate donors cause relaxation of the internal anal sphincter (IAS) and facilitate healing of anal fissures [2,3]. Systemic nitrates are commonly used for the treatment of ischaemic heart disease, yet the effects of systemically administered nitrates on the smooth muscle of the IAS are unknown. ⋯ Systemic nitrates significantly inhibit internal anal sphincter function.