Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2024
Review Meta AnalysisA systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of minimally supervised home and community exercise interventions in improving physical activity, body adiposity and quality of life in adults living with HIV.
People living with HIV (PLWH) are physically inactive and risk cardiometabolic dysfunction. Home and community exercise (HCE) is pragmatic, cost-effective and improves health in varied chronic conditions. This review aimed to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of minimally supervised HCE for physical activity (PA), adiposity, quality of life (QoL), and other physical and psychological health indices for PLWH. ⋯ Minimally supervised HCE can improve PA, body fat, physical QoL and other health indices in PLWH.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2024
Review Meta AnalysisCancer mortality among solid organ transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
To evaluate the cancer mortality risk among solid organ transplant recipients through a systematic review and meta-analysis. ⋯ Solid organ transplant recipients face significantly higher cancer mortality risks than the general population, highlighting the need for targeted cancer screening and interventions, especially for female solid organ transplant recipients from East Asia.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2024
Review Meta AnalysisEvaluating the effectiveness of mailout smoking cessation support: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
One of the main barriers to smoking cessation support is accessibility. Mailout supports can potentially mitigate access barriers, but their effectiveness has not been explored. The aim of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of mailout smoking cessation support. ⋯ Mailout smoking cessation support improves quitting, especially when interventions include NRT and delivered for longer than 12 weeks. While further research is needed to refine implementation strategies, mailout smoking cessation supports are effective and have potential to reduce access barriers.