Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Binge drinking and subsequent health and well-being among middled-aged Spanish adults: An outcome-wide analysis.
Binge drinking has been associated with higher risks of adverse physical health outcomes. Motivations behind binge drinking may involve seeking pleasure and social connectedness, which are important aspects of life that constitute well-being. However, studies that apply a holistic framework of well-being to understand binge drinking remain limited, especially in non-English speaking populations. ⋯ Our study provides novel insights into the complex and multifaceted relationship of binge drinking with health and well-being. Further research will enhance our understandings of binge drinking and inform culturally appropriate interventions that effectively mitigate its negative consequences.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Associations between short-term exposure to air pollution and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: A time-stratified case-crossover study.
This study aimed to explore the associations between short-term air pollution exposure and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB). ⋯ This study demonstrates that short-term exposure to air pollution was significantly associated with higher risk of AECB. O3 might contribute the most to AECB. Policymakers should pay more attention to air pollution control.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Passive exposure to opioid crisis information and public attitudes: Effects on local policy support, discrimination, and stigma in a United States national survey.
To examine associations between passive exposure to opioid crisis information and public attitudes toward opioid use disorder (OUD) policies and stigma among United States (US) adults. ⋯ Despite widespread media coverage of the opioid crisis, passive information exposure was only associated with increased support for local, not national, harm-reduction policies. The modest exposure rate (59.4 %) suggests an attention gap between information availability and public engagement. The differential effectiveness of information channels suggests that communication strategies emphasizing community-level initiatives and leveraging specific sources like healthcare providers and interpersonal networks may be particularly important for building public support for evidence-based OUD prevention policies.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Association of individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status with outcomes of a smoking cessation intervention provided in the lung cancer screening setting.
Lung cancer screening (LCS) offers a teachable moment for smoking cessation. This study assesses whether individual- or neighborhood-level SES is associated with tobacco abstinence and completion of a smoking cessation intervention in the LCS context. ⋯ Individual and neighborhood SES were not independently associated with the study outcomes in the multivariable analysis, but combinations of individual and neighborhood SES differentially affected treatment completion.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Relationship between self-rated health, physical frailty, and incidence of disability among Japanese community-dwelling older adults: A longitudinal prospective cohort study.
Poor self-rated health (SRH) and physical frailty are both significant predictors of disability in older adults, but their joint association on health outcomes remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the relationship between SRH, physical frailty, and incidence of disability among community-dwelling older adults. ⋯ Frail older adults who report good health were associated with the risk of disability, suggesting that discrepancies between subjective and objective health assessments may lead to adverse outcomes. Recognizing and addressing these discrepancies is crucial to promote successful aging.