Pharmacotherapy
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Ceftolozane/tazobactam is a novel antipseudomonal β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination that is currently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of complicated intraabdominal infections (cIAI) and complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI). It exhibits bactericidal properties through inhibition of bacterial cell wall biosynthesis, which is mediated through penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). Ceftolozane is a potent PBP3 inhibitor and has a higher affinity for PBP1b compared with other β-lactam agents. ⋯ Dosage adjustments are required for moderate-to-severe renal impairment and in patients receiving hemodialysis. Based on data from clinical trials, adverse effects due to ceftolozane/tazobactam do not differ considerably from other cephalosporins, with the most common being nausea, diarrhea, headache, and pyrexia. Ceftolozane/tazobactam is a promising new agent for the treatment of cIAI and cUTI, including those caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative organisms.