Revista clínica española
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Revista clínica española · Jun 2011
[Epidemiology, presentation forms, radiological stage and diagnostic methods of sarcoidosis in the area of Leon (2001-2008)].
The epidemiological studies of sarcoidosis in Spain and other countries are from more than one decade ago. ⋯ The incidence of sarcoidosis was superior to that previously demonstrated. It affected young adults, but with an increase in the number of cases in those over 50 years with clear female predominance. Löfgren syndrome was the most frequent presentation form, with a higher incidence in spring. Diagnostic delay varied according to the different presentation forms. Transbronchial biopsy was the main diagnostic tool.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) encompasses a group of diseases characterized by chronic airway obstruction. This broad diagnostic umbrella includes several clinical phenotypes that overlap and respond differently to each type of therapeutic intervention. ⋯ In preclinical models, roflumilast has shown potent antiinflammatory action against a wide variety of cells and inflammatory mediators, as well as against the etiopathogenic mechanisms of COPD. The present article reviews the evidence generated during the clinical development of roflumilast, with special emphasis on studies evaluating the drug in a context similar to that of routine clinical practice.