Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthésie
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The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and causes of cardiac arrests related to anesthesia. ⋯ Efforts must be directed towards improving preoperative patient evaluation. Anesthetic induction doses should be titrated in all ASA 3 and 4 patients. The prediction of difficult tracheal intubation, and if required, the use of awake tracheal intubation techniques, should remain a priority when performing general anesthesia.
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To survey the general public's attitude towards preoperative assessment and commonly perceived fears about general anesthesia. ⋯ The general public considers anesthetic assessment on the day prior to surgery an important part of preoperative preparation. Fears of brain damage, death and intraoperative awareness associated with general anesthesia remain prevalent, suggesting that preoperative education of patients should address these concerns. The general population was less concerned about realistic fears such as nausea, vomiting and postoperative discomfort.
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To observe the changes in permeability and elasticity in the cuff of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) caused by repeated use. ⋯ The "safe" life-span of the cuff of the LMAs, measured by the initial modifications of the physical properties of the silicone during simulations, was estimated to be 80-100 uses and was related to the thickness of its wall.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Metabolic, hormonal and gastric fluid and pH changes after different preoperative feeding regimens.
To evaluate the metabolic, hormonal and gastric fluid and pH changes after administration of a small volume of different preoperative feeding regimens. ⋯ Small volumes of fluid increased RGV (P < 0.05). Apple juice resulted in increased incidence of thirst and hunger and plasma glucose and norepinephrine concentrations. Compared with GFSM or apple juice, honey had a gentler effect on plasma glucose and insulin concentrations.
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Review
Safety and efficacy of o-raffinose cross-linked human hemoglobin (Hemolink) in cardiac surgery.
There are currently two major classes of oxygen therapeutics: hemoglobin based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) and synthetic perfluorocarbons (PFCs). This review focuses on the use of o-raffinose cross-linked human hemoglobin (Hb raffimer) in cardiac surgery. ⋯ The converging evidence from clinical studies with HBOCs has demonstrated that these products have the potential to provide hemoglobin and oxygen carrying capacity to tissues in times of acute anemia during surgery. It is anticipated that Hb raffimer will be used to facilitate intraoperative autologous donation and emerge as an important alternative to allogeneic blood transfusion during cardiac surgery.