American journal of preventive medicine
-
Review Meta Analysis
Association between Child Abuse and Risk of Adult Coronary Heart Disease A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
This meta-analysis aimed to examine the association of child abuse with adult coronary heart disease risk and separately by abuse subtypes, including emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and physical abuse. ⋯ Child abuse was associated with an increased risk of adult coronary heart disease. Results were generally consistent across abuse subtypes and sex. This study advocates further research on biological mechanisms linking child abuse to coronary heart disease as well as improvement in coronary heart disease risk prediction and targeted prevention approaches.
-
Healthy default beverage laws are relatively new interventions designed to improve the healthfulness of children's meals in restaurants. In this study, researchers assessed adherence to healthy default beverage laws among children's meals ordered online in Los Angeles (California statewide law effective from September 2018), Baltimore (effective from April 2018), and New York City (effective from April 2019) compared with that in Boston, where no law existed. ⋯ Overall adherence was low and variable across jurisdictions. Adherence may be lower in jurisdictions with fewer allowable default beverages, although more research is needed to assess this potential causal relation. In addition to increased resources and support for restaurants, additional policy design considerations may be necessary to increase adherence to healthy default beverage laws.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Online RCT of Icon Added-Sugar Warning Labels for Restaurant Menus.
To reduce added-sugar consumption, jurisdictions are considering requiring restaurant menu labels to identify high-added-sugar items. This study examined the impacts of added-sugar warning labels on hypothetical choices, knowledge of items' added-sugar content, and perceptions of high-added-sugar items. ⋯ This study was registered at AsPredicted.org #65655.
-
Percentage Up to Date With Chest Computed Tomography Among Those Eligible for Lung Cancer Screening.
Authors aimed to calculate the percentage up-to-date with testing in the context of lung cancer screening across 5 healthcare systems and evaluate differences according to patient and health system characteristics. ⋯ The percentage up-to-date with testing among those eligible for lung cancer screening is well below up-to-date estimates for other types of cancer screening, and disparities in lung cancer screening participation remain.