Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Protein supplementation enhances cerebral oxygenation during exercise in elite basketball players.
The aim of the present study was to examine cerebral oxygenation during high-intensity exercise in elite basketball players who consumed supplements with different whey protein contents after a short postexercise recovery to determine whether changing whey protein content in carbohydrate-based supplementation influences cerebral hemodynamic response when the supplement was consumed during a 2-h recovery after a 1-h exercise challenge. ⋯ Enhanced fatigue recovery after consumption of a high-protein supplement is associated with enhanced cerebral oxygenation against exercise challenge, which spares brain blood demand for periphery.
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Hemodialysis (HD) with dialysis adequacy could increase the excretion of B vitamins (folate, vitamin B6, and B12) and raise the plasma level of homocysteine. Here we determined the associations of plasma homocysteine with B vitamins in patients with HD adequacy or inadequacy. ⋯ The plasma level of vitamin B12, but not folate or vitamin B6, was negatively correlated with that of homocysteine both before and after HD treatment, and regardless of dialysis adequacy or inadequacy.
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In recent years, a great number of studies have been directed toward the evaluation of gastrointestinal microbiota modulation through the introduction of beneficial microorganisms, also known as probiotics. Many studies have highlighted how this category of bacteria is very important for the good development, functioning, and maintenance of our immune system. There is a delicate balance between the immune system, located under the gut epithelial barrier, and the microbiota, but many factors can induce a disequilibrium that leads to an inflammatory state and dysbiosis. The aim of this work is to verify the anti-inflammatory effects of a probiotic formulation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium lactis, and Bifidobacterium longum (Serobioma). ⋯ The transwell model is an intriguing toll approach to studying the human epithelial barrier.