Journal of internal medicine
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Meta Analysis
Association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and change in bone mineral density in prospective cohorts.
Subclinical hyperthyroidism (SHyper) has been associated with increased risk of hip and other fractures, but the linking mechanisms remain unclear. ⋯ Amongst adults, SHyper was associated with increased femoral neck bone loss, potentially contributing to the increased fracture risk.
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Meta Analysis
Vitamin D insufficiency and cognitive impairment in Asians: a multi-ethnic population-based study and meta-analysis.
The relationship between vitamin D insufficiency and cognitive impairment remains equivocal in Asians. We examined the association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration and cognitive performance in a large multi-ethnic Singaporean population-based study. We also conducted a meta-analysis of 25OHD concentrations amongst cognitively impaired older adults in Asia. ⋯ Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with a greater likelihood of and more severe cognitive impairment in Asian populations.
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Review Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Questioning vitamin D status of elderly fallers and nonfallers: a meta-analysis to address a 'forgotten step'.
Previous meta-analyses to determine the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation to prevent falls in the elderly have shown mixed results. Inconsistencies might depend on the dose of supplements, suggesting that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration could influence the risk of falling. Our objective was to systematically review and quantitatively analyse the relationship between serum 25OHD concentration and the occurrence of falls. ⋯ Fallers have lower 25OHD concentrations, notably more often <20 ng mL(-1) , than nonfallers. These findings help to determine the profile of target populations that would most benefit from vitamin D supplements to prevent falls.
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Meta Analysis
Snus (Swedish smokeless tobacco) use and risk of stroke: pooled analyses of incidence and survival.
Snus is a moist smokeless tobacco product with high nicotine content. Its use has a short-term effect on the cardiovascular system, but the relationship between snus use and stroke is unclear. ⋯ Use of snus was not associated with the risk of stroke. Hence, nicotine is unlikely to contribute importantly to the pathophysiology of stroke. However, case fatality was increased in snus users, compared with nonusers, but further studies are needed to determine any possible causal mechanisms.
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Meta Analysis
Job strain in relation to body mass index: pooled analysis of 160 000 adults from 13 cohort studies.
Evidence of an association between job strain and obesity is inconsistent, mostly limited to small-scale studies, and does not distinguish between categories of underweight or obesity subclasses. ⋯ In an analysis of European data, we found both weight gain and weight loss to be associated with the onset of job strain, consistent with a 'U'-shaped cross-sectional association between job strain and BMI. These associations were relatively modest; therefore, it is unlikely that intervention to reduce job strain would be effective in combating obesity at a population level.