Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of adding magnesium to bupivacaine and fentanyl for spinal anesthesia in knee arthroscopy.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of adding intrathecal magnesium sulfate 50 mg to low-dose bupivacaine-fentanyl on the spread, duration, regression of spinal block, and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing knee arthroscopy. ⋯ Even though the time to first analgesic requirement was prolonged significantly by magnesium, the addition of intrathecal magnesium sulfate to spinal anesthesia is not desirable in patients undergoing knee arthroscopy due to the prolonged time to ambulation and the lack of effect of magnesium on postoperative analgesic consumption.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialPreoperative fluid and electrolyte management with oral rehydration therapy.
We hypothesized that oral rehydration therapy using an oral rehydration solution may be effective for preoperative fluid and electrolyte management in surgical patients before the induction of general anesthesia, and we investigated the safety and effectiveness of oral rehydration therapy as compared with intravenous therapy. ⋯ The results suggest that the oral rehydration therapy with an oral rehydration solution before surgery is superior to the current preoperative intravenous therapy for the provision of water, electrolytes, and carbohydrates, and this therapy should be considered as an alternative to the intravenous therapy for preoperative fluid and electrolyte management in selected surgical patients in whom there is no reason to suspect delayed gastric emptying.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyIs there an advantage in using low-dose intrathecal bupivacaine for cesarean section?
Spinal anesthesia for cesarean section is associated with a high incidence of maternal hypotension. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of low-dose bupivacaine with fentanyl to reduce the incidence of hypotension in spinal anesthesia for cesarean section. ⋯ The development of hypotension after spinal block in subjects undergoing cesarean section was not prevented despite low-dose (4 mg) bupivacaine plus 25 microg fentanyl, but the severity of maternal hypotension, and the number of ephedrine treatments and the total dose of ephedrine were decreased.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of landiolol, a short-acting beta-1 blocker, on hemodynamic variables during emergence from anesthesia and tracheal extubation in elderly patients with and without hypertension.
Tracheal extubation and emergence procedures induce abrupt changes in hemodynamics and humoral responses. We conducted a prospective randomized study to examine the effects of the short-acting beta-1 blocker, landiolol, on hemodynamics during emergence from anesthesia in elderly patients with and without hypertension. ⋯ This study indicates that the use of a landiolol infusion for preventing hemodynamic instability in elderly patients during the emergence period would be dependent on the presence or absence of hypertension in these patients.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA comparison of intra-articular magnesium and/or morphine with bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery.
Both magnesium and morphine provide enhanced patient analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery when administered separately via the intra-articular route. Magnesium sulfate amplifies the analgesic effect of morphine. This study was designed to compare the analgesic effects of intra-articular magnesium and morphine, with bupivacaine, when used separately and in combination. ⋯ Intra-articular administration of magnesium sulfate or morphine, with bupivacaine, had comparable analgesic effects in the doses used. Their combination provided more effective postoperative analgesia than either drug alone.