Annals of medicine
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Little is known about the underlying factors contributing to unfavourable clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) complicated by new-onset acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of DM on the pathophysiologic features and prognosis of patients with new-onset AMI following successful revascularization by utilizing cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). ⋯ Comprehensive phenotypic characterization of myocardial injury and microcirculatory status could enable reliable identification of high-risk MACCEs in DM patients with new-onset AMI following successful revascularization.
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While Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) programs have shown effectiveness in improving cardiac outcomes, there is limited understanding of how patients perceive and adapt to these interventions. Furthermore, alternative modes of delivering CR that have received positive evaluations from participants remain underexplored, yet they have the potential to enhance CR uptake. ⋯ Integrated care interventions for AMI patients could benefit from a collaborative co-designed approach to ensure that CR interventions are normalized and fit into patients' daily lives. Organizational-level CR services should align with the rehabilitation needs and expectations of patients.
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The associations between multiple sleep characteristics and smoking behavior are inconsistent, and it is unclear which sleep characteristics are most crucial for tobacco prevention. This study aimed to explore the associations between smoking status/intensity and multiple sleep characteristics and to identify the potential core domain of smoking-related sleep using network analysis. Data were obtained from a survey of cancer-related risk factors among Chinese adults. ⋯ Late bedtime and getting up after 7 am were only associated with current heavy smoking, but not current light smoking. Network analyses showed that multiple smoking-related sleep characteristics were interconnected, with difficulty falling asleep and late bedtime as central characteristics in the network. The study found that the associations between sleep characteristics and smoking varied by age and smoking intensity and highlights the potential benefits of sleep health promotion in smoking cessation, with a particular focus on difficulty falling asleep and late bedtime.
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Ischaemic encephalopathy is a common cerebrovascular disease caused by insufficient blood supply to the cerebral vessels. The ischaemic encephalopathy is closely associated with the development of many chronic diseases such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes. Neurotrophic therapy has become the main therapeutic strategy for ischaemic encephalopathy. However, neurotrophic drugs only slightly recover the neurological function of patients, and their long-term efficacy is uncertain. Previous reports revealed that the active ingredients of natural medicines play important roles in the treatment of cerebral ischemia. In this study, we reviewed clearing herbs with anti-ischaemic encephalopathy functions using the data from quantitative statistical and network pharmacological exploration methods. We also discussed the different bioactive components and pharmacological effects of these herbs. ⋯ Heat-clearing herbs are useful and promising for the protection against and prevention of ischemic encephalopathy. The results of the network pharmacological studies are similar to the mechanisms of anti-ischemic encephalopathy of the active ingredients of the purgative herbs we have listed; Thin either directly protects cerebrovascular tissues by improving vascular permeability and reducing the area of infarcted tissues, or produces protective effects through molecular signaling pathways. It can be seen that the components of heat-clearing Chinese medicines can exert cerebroprotective effects through multiple pathways, which provides us with a reference for further development and study of heat-clearing Chinese medicines in the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases.
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Chronic kidney disease is related to neurodegeneration and structural changes in the brain which might lead to cognitive decline. The Fazekas scale used for assessing white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) was associated with poor cognitive performance. Therefore, this study investigated the associations between the mini-mental status examination (MMSE), Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), cognitive abilities screening instrument (CASI), and Fazekas scale in patients under hemodialysis (HD). ⋯ An inverse correlation existed between the Fazekas scale, predominantly in PVWMHs, and cognition in patients undergoing HD. The PVWMHs were associated with cognitive performance assessed by MMSE, MoCA, and CASI, as well as with subdomains of CASI such as memory, language and name fluency in patients undergoing HD.