Urology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Tamsulosin facilitates earlier clearance of stone fragments and reduces pain after shockwave lithotripsy for renal calculi: results from an open-label randomized study.
To evaluate the role of tamsulosin in the clearance of fragments after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) to treat renal calculi. ⋯ The results of our study have shown that tamsulosin facilitates earlier clearance of fragments after ESWL to renal calculi and helps reduce the severity of the pain. It tended to facilitate spontaneous clearance of steinstrasse; however, this requires additional evaluation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The analgesic effect of 8 and 16 mg lornoxicam administered before shock wave lithotripsy: a randomized, double-blind, controlled study.
To evaluate the efficacy of 2 different doses of intravenous lornoxicam for pain relief during shock wave lithotripsy (SWL). ⋯ Eight milligrams of intravenously administered lornoxicam 15 minutes before SWL provides pain relief and patient satisfaction during the procedure, reducing opioid requirements as well as decreasing the incidence of side effects.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A prospective, randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled comparison of extended release oxybutynin versus phenazopyridine for the management of postoperative ureteral stent discomfort.
Ureteral stents commonly cause lower urinary tract and flank discomfort. We evaluated the use of extended release oxybutynin versus phenazopyridine versus placebo for the management of ureteral stent discomfort after ureteroscopy. ⋯ Although this study failed to show a significant difference in bothersome scores among the groups, the small sample size precludes definitive conclusion. Future studies pooling these data will determine the overall treatment effect and the optimal management of ureteral stent morbidity.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of lidocaine spray as topical anesthesia for outpatient rigid cystoscopy in women: a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial.
To determine the efficacy and feasibility of urethral lidocaine spray for rigid cystoscopy in female outpatients, compared with lidocaine gel for patient tolerance of pain. ⋯ Lidocaine spray and lidocaine gel produce similar anesthetic effects in women undergoing rigid cystoscopy. However, concerns about the mild discomfort associated with delivery of the spray need to be resolved through future technical improvement before it gains widespread use.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Optimal approach for prostate cancer detection as initial biopsy: prospective randomized study comparing transperineal versus transrectal systematic 12-core biopsy.
Transperineal and transrectal prostate biopsy are both used for prostate cancer detection. However, which approach is superior remains unknown. In this study, we performed a prospective randomized study to compare the efficacy of transperineal versus transrectal 12-core initial prostate biopsy. ⋯ No significant differences were found in the cancer detection rate, cancer core rate, or complications between the two approaches. We believe that the preferred approach as an initial prostate biopsy is the transrectal approach, which does not require spinal anesthesia or another burdensome process.