Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 1997
Cerebral normoxia in the rhesus monkey during isoflurane- or propofol-induced hypotension and hypocapnia, despite disparate blood-flow patterns. A positron emission tomography study.
Due to a few reports of cerebral dysfunction in connection with isoflurane-induced hypotension and concomitant hypocapnia, positron emission tomography (PET) was used to measure cerebral oxygenation and blood flow during similar conditions with isoflurane or propofol. ⋯ PET indicated adequate cerebral oxygenation during isoflurane and propofol anaesthesia, despite disparate blood-flow patterns. Hypotension and concomitant moderate hyperventilation reduced rCBF, but did not result in hypoxia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAnalgesia after upper abdominal surgery using extradural administration of a fixed dose of buprenorphine in combination with lignocaine given at two infusion rates: a comparative study.
Extradural administration of combinations of local anaesthetics and opioids are frequently employed for postoperative pain relief. There is a scarcity of data on the analgesic effects of variations of the dose of local anaesthetic drug admixed to a fixed dose of opioid. ⋯ When added to a fixed dose of buprenorphine, continuous extradural infusion of 2% lignocaine at high rate provides better postoperative analgesia than when given at low rate without producing significant side effects.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 1997
Case ReportsIncidence of awareness in total i.v. anaesthesia based on propofol, alfentanil and neuromuscular blockade.
There is no reliable technique for monitoring drug concentrations in total i.v. anaesthesia (TIVA) with muscle relaxation. An increased risk of awareness with TIVA has been stated as a possible drawback. The present study was conducted in order to assess the incidence of conscious awareness in TIVA based on propofol, alfentanil and neuromuscular blockade. ⋯ If the true incidence of conscious awareness is to be determined, interviews must be extended beyond the first postoperative day. Our study indicates that if appropriate dosing of propofol and alfentanil are adhered to, and proper action is taken in case of haemodynamic alterations suggestive of inadequate anaesthesia, the incidence of conscious awareness in non-cardiac TIVA with neuromuscular blockade is low.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialIntravenous versus intraperitoneal morphine before surgery to provide postoperative pain relief.
Opioid receptors have been demonstrated on peripheral afferent nerves throughout the body. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of morphine with regard to pain, postoperative morphine requirement, and recovery after major abdominal surgery, and to describe the pharmacokinetics of intraperitoneal morphine in humans. ⋯ Intraperitoneal administration of 50 mg of morphine before major abdominal surgery is less efficient in reducing pain and postoperative morphine requirements than the same amount of morphine given intravenously.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPreoperative hypnosis reduces postoperative vomiting after surgery of the breasts. A prospective, randomized and blinded study.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after general anesthesia and surgery may have an incidence as high as 70% irrespective of antiemetic drug therapy. The use of preoperative hypnosis and mental preparation by means of an audio tape was investigated in the prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting before elective breast reduction surgery. Similar interventions have not been found in the literature. ⋯ Preoperative relaxation and/or hypnotic techniques in breast surgery contribute to a reduction of both PONV and postoperative analgesic requirements.