Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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We report the results of intra-arterial injection of lidocaine in the middle meningeal artery in patients with intractable headache or status migrainosus. ⋯ Intra-arterial lidocaine resulted in amelioration of headache in patients with intractable headache and those with status migrainosus with improvement lasting longer than the short half-life of lidocaine possibly related to central desensitization.
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Personality disorders (PDs) have a prevalence of approximately 10% in the United States, translating to over 30 million people affected in just one country. The true prevalence of these disorders may be even higher, as the paucity of objective diagnostic criteria could be leading to underdiagnosis. Because little is known about the underlying neuropathologies of these disorders, patients are diagnosed using subjective criteria and treated nonspecifically. ⋯ In addition to identifying valuable activation patterns, this review reveals a void in research pertaining to paranoid, schizoid, histrionic, narcissistic, and dependent PDs. By delineating patterns in PD neuropathology, we can more effectively direct future research efforts toward enhancing objective diagnostic techniques and developing targeted treatment modalities. Furthermore, understanding why patients are manifesting certain symptoms can advance clinical awareness and improve patient outcomes.
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Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive primary CNS neoplasm with poor overall survival (OS) despite standard of care. On MRI, GBM is usually characterized by an enhancing portion (CET) (surgery target) and a nonenhancing surrounding (NET). Extent of resection is a long debated issue in GBM, with recent evidence suggesting that both CET and NET should be resected in <65 years old patients, regardless of other risk factors (i.e., molecular biomarkers). Our aim was to test a radiomic model for patient survival stratification in <65 years old patients, by analyzing MRI features of NET, to aid tumor resection. ⋯ ADC radiomic features on NET predict survival after standard therapy and could be used to improve patient selection for more extensive surgery.
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Myelin water fraction (MWF) is a histopathologically validated in vivo myelin marker. As MWF is the proportion of water with a short T2 relative to the total water, increases in water from edema and inflammation may confound MWF determination in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. Total water content (TWC) measurement enables calculation of absolute myelin water content (MWC) and can be used to distinguish edema/inflammation from demyelination. We assessed what influence changes in total water might have on MWF by calculating MWC values in new MS lesions. ⋯ MWF mirrors MWC and is able to monitor myelin in new lesions. Even after taking into account water content increases, MWC still decreased at lesion first appearance attributed to demyelination.
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This study aimed to highlight anorexia nervosa-related metabolic changes in different brain regions with different gray and white matter contents. ⋯ We observed an increase in choline/creatine in anorexics, possibly reflecting increased cell turnover; a decrease in macromolecules, which was particularly low in the cingulate and precuneus the former being known to be altered in eating disorders; and a decrease in N-acetyl aspartate/creatine considered as a marker of neuronal density and function.