European radiology
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To compare the stretched exponential model of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with monoexponential and biexponential models in terms of the ability to characterize focal liver lesions (FLLs). ⋯ • The stretched exponential DWI model is valuable for characterizing focal liver lesions. • The DDC from stretched exponential model shows excellent performance for differentiating malignant from benign focal liver lesions. • The α from stretched exponential model is promising for evaluating the degree of necrosis in hepatic metastases after chemotherapy.
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To develop and validate an individual radiomics nomogram for differential diagnosis between multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). ⋯ • Radiomic features of spinal cord lesions in MS and NMOSD were different. • Radiomic signatures can capture pathological alterations and help differentiate MS and NMOSD.
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Single-pass whole-body (WB) 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging is routinely employed for the clinical assessment of malignant, infectious, and inflammatory diseases. Our aim in this study is the systematic clinical assessment of lesion detectability in multi-pass WB parametric imaging enabling direct imaging of the highly quantitative 18F-FDG influx rate constant Ki, as a complement to standard-of-care standardized uptake value (SUV) imaging for a range of oncologic studies. ⋯ • The whole-body spatio-temporal distribution of 18 F-FDG uptake may reveal clinically useful information on oncologic diseases to complement the standard-of-care SUV metric. • Parametric imaging resulted in less false-positive indications of non-specific 18 F-FDG uptake relative to SUV. • Parametric imaging may achieve equivalent or superior 18 F-FDG lesion detectability than standard-of-care SUV imaging in oncology.
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Integrating multiple imaging modalities is crucial for MRI data interpretation. The purpose of this study is to determine whether a previously proposed multi-view approach can effectively integrate the histogram features from multi-parametric MRI and whether the selected features can offer incremental prognostic values over clinical variables. ⋯ • Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging captures multi-faceted tumor physiology. • Contrast-enhancing and non-enhancing tumor regions represent different tumor components with distinct clinical relevance. • Multi-view data analysis offers a method which can effectively select and integrate multi-parametric and multi-regional imaging features.
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To develop and evaluate a method for areal bone mineral density (aBMD) measurement based on dual-layer spectral CT scout scans. ⋯ • 2D scout scans (localizer radiographs) from a dual-layer spectral CT scanner, which are mandatory parts of a CT examination, can be used to automatically determine areal bone mineral density (aBMD) at the spine. • The presented method allowed fast (< 25 s/patient), semi-automatic, and reliable DXA-equivalent aBMD measurements for state-of-the-art DXA phantoms at different tube settings and for various patient habitus, as well as for sample patients. • Considering the number of CT scout scan acquisitions performed worldwide on a daily basis, the presented technique could enable truly opportunistic osteoporosis screening with DXA-equivalent metrics, without involving higher radiation exposure since it only processes existing data that is acquired during each CT scan.