Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
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To determine trends in the numbers of drive-by shootings, individuals shot at, innocent bystanders shot at, and homicides by drive-by shootings in the city of Los Angeles from 1989 to 1993. ⋯ Drive-by shootings are a major public health problem in Los Angeles. While the rate of drive-by shootings decreased in 1992 and 1993, the proportion of fatal cases increased. To prevent drive-by shootings, the root causes of violent street gang formation must be addressed.
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To review the types of injuries due to law enforcement (K-9) dog bites and address related management issues. ⋯ Attention to potential deep injuries of nerves, vessels, and the musculoskeletal system is essential with law enforcement dog bites. Injuries associated both with pursuit and arrest and with the bites themselves must be identified and assessed. Guidelines for the ED treatment of patients with law enforcement dog bite injuries are proposed.