Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
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Asia Pac J Clin Nutr · May 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialMaintenance vitamin D3 dosage requirements in Chinese women with post menopausal osteoporosis living in the tropics.
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) dose required to maintain sufficiency in non- Caucasian women with postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) inthe tropics has not been well studied. Some guidelines mandate 800-1000 IU vitamin D/day but the Endocrine Society (US) advocates 1500-2000 IU/day to maintain 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D) concentration at >75 nmol/L. We aimed to establish oral cholecalciferol dose required to maintain 25(OH)D concentration at >75 nmol/L in PMO Chinese Malaysian women, postulating lower dose requirements amongst light-skinned subjects in the tropics. ⋯ Despite pretrial vitamin D supplementation and adequate sun exposure, 25.6% Chinese Malaysian PMO women were vitamin D insufficient indicating sunshine alone cannot ensure sufficiency in the tropics. Both ~900 IU/day and ~1800 IU/day cholecalciferol can safely maintain vitamin D sufficiency in >90% of Chinese Malaysian PMO women. Higher doses are required with baseline concentration <75 nmol/L.
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Asia Pac J Clin Nutr · Jan 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEarly jejunal feeding by bedside placement of a nasointestinal tube significantly improves nutritional status and reduces complications in critically ill patients versus enteral nutrition by a nasogastric tube.
Unguided nasojejunal feeding tube insertion success rates are low. Controversy persists about how to safely and efficiently perform enteral nutrition (EN) in critically ill patients. This study explores an innovative blind nasointestinal tube (NIT) insertion method and compares nasogastric and nasointestinal feeding. ⋯ Blind bedside NIT insertion is convenient and its use can effectively improve nutritional status, reduce feeding complications, and decrease nutritional support costs of critically ill patients.
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Asia Pac J Clin Nutr · Jan 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialFast-track improves post-operative nutrition and outcomes of colorectal surgery: a single-center prospective trial in China.
Fast-track (FT) has been shown to enhance post-operative recovery. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of FT and traditional nutrition on post-operative rehabilitation, as well as evaluate the feasibility of applying FT in nutrition management of colorectal surgery. A prospective and randomized controlled trial was performed. ⋯ The complication incidence was significantly lower in the FT group than in the traditional group (p<0.05). In particular, the occurrence rate of anastomotic leakage was higher in the traditional group than in the FT group (0.5% vs 2.8%, p<0.05). Taken together, these data suggest that FT management can improve the nutritional condition and outcomes of colorectal surgical patients.
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Asia Pac J Clin Nutr · Jan 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialThe impact of soluble dietary fibre on gastric emptying, postprandial blood glucose and insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Dietary fibre plays an important role in controlling postprandial glycemic and insulin response in diabetic patients. The intake of dietary fibre has been shown to delay the gastric emptying in healthy subjects. The relationship between gastric emptying and postprandial blood glucose in diabetic patients with fibre-load liquids needs to be investigated. ⋯ Postprandial glucose (r=-0.547, p=0.047) and insulin (r=-0.566, p=0.004) were negatively correlated with distal emptying of SDF in DM subjects. Distal gastric emptying was delayed significantly in DM subjects with HbA1c levels ≥6.5% (p=0.021) or with complications (p=0.011) by SDF, respectively. SDF improved postprandial glycaemia which was related to slowing of gastric emptying.
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Asia Pac J Clin Nutr · Jan 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialIntra-operative administration of low-dose IV glucose attenuates post-operative insulin resistance.
Insulin sensitivity often decreases after surgery in spite of normal insulin secretion, and may worsen the outcome. This post-operative insulin resistance increases according to the magnitude of surgical invasion. However, supplementation of carbohydrates before surgery attenuates the post-operative insulin resistance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of intra-operative administration of low-dose glucose on the post-operative insulin resistance. ⋯ Intra-operative small-dose of glucose administration may suppress ketogenesis and attenuate the post-operative insulin resistance without causing hyperglycemia.