British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Radial artery cannulation: topical amethocaine gel versus lidocaine infiltration.
In a prospective randomized study, we compared topical 4% amethocaine gel (Ametop) with 2% lidocaine infiltration for analgesia for radial artery cannulation. A previous study had shown topical analgesia with EMLA cream reduced pain, shortened cannulation time, and improved success rates when compared with lidocaine infiltration. ⋯ There was no significant difference between these two methods of analgesia for any measured variable.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Randomized crossover comparison of the proseal with the classic laryngeal mask airway in unparalysed anaesthetized patients.
The ProSeal is a wire-reinforced laryngeal mask airway with an additional drain tube that leads to the distal tip of the laryngeal cuff. The design should improve the seal with the larynx. ⋯ The ProSeal is more difficult to insert than the classic laryngeal mask airway but allows positive pressure ventilation more reliably than the classic laryngeal mask airway.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of mepivacaine and lidocaine for intravenous regional anaesthesia: pharmacokinetic study and clinical correlation.
Limitations to the use of lidocaine for intravenous regional anaesthesia (IVRA) include lack of optimal intraoperative analgesia and systemic toxic reactions. This randomized double-blind study was conducted to compare intraoperative and postoperative analgesia, adverse effects, and plasma concentrations of mepivacaine or lidocaine, on release of the tourniquet in patients undergoing IVRA for distal upper limb surgery. ⋯ Mepivacaine 5 mg kg(-1) ensured better intraoperative analgesia than lidocaine 3 mg kg(-1) when used for IVRA. Plasma concentrations of lidocaine decreased significantly between 5 and 60 min following tourniquet deflation, whereas blood concentrations of mepivacaine remained below the toxic concentration.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Glucose, insulin and potassium for heart protection during cardiac surgery.
Coronary artery bypass grafting with hypothermic cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with myocardial injury. Our study investigated whether an infusion of glucose, insulin and potassium (GIK) during elective coronary artery bypass surgery decreases myocardial cell death. ⋯ The results suggest that GIK does not decrease the irreversible myocardial damage associated with routine coronary artery bypass surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of perioperative administration of dexketoprofen on opioid requirements and inflammatory response following elective hip arthroplasty.
In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, the safety and analgesic efficacy of perioperative dexketoprofen were evaluated. ⋯ Perioperative administration of dexketoprofen 25 mg 8 hourly markedly improves analgesia and decreases opioid requirements (and associated adverse effects) following hip arthroplasty. It appears that this regimen decreases the postoperative pro-inflammatory response.