British journal of anaesthesia
-
Chronic treatment with renin-angiotensin system (RAS) antagonists frequently causes deleterious hypotension during anaesthesia. We compared the effects of angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARA) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) on neurohormonal levels and haemodynamics during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). ⋯ Chronic ARA treatment resulted in more profound hypotension than ACEI treatment during CPB, and this may be associated with the blockade of angiotensin II receptors by ARA.
-
Comparative Study
Skin conductance monitoring compared with Bispectral Index to assess emergence from total i.v. anaesthesia using propofol and remifentanil.
Arousal after sevoflurane anaesthesia has been detectable by monitoring changes in skin conductance (SC) with similar accuracy as monitoring Bispectral Index (BIS). As SC monitoring detects changes in sympathetic tone, the measurements might be confounded by the sympatholytic properties of propofol, a component of total i.v. anaesthesia (TIVA). Therefore in this study, monitoring of SC during emergence from TIVA was compared with the monitoring of BIS. ⋯ In this study, BIS was found to predict arousal with a higher probability but slower response times than NFSC in patients waking after TIVA.
-
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is the most powerful hormonal marker of left ventricular dysfunction and could be considered as an indicator of ventricular preload. The aim of this prospective study was to compare the respective value of BNP and cardiac filling pressures to assess the response to volume load after cardiac surgery. ⋯ BNP level after cardiac surgery was influenced by many perioperative variables, limiting its usefulness as an indicator of cardiac preload or a predictor of volume responsiveness in this population.
-
Pain is known to alter the electrogalvanic properties of the skin. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the influence of postoperative pain on skin conductance (SC) readings. ⋯ The severity of postoperative pain significantly influences SC. Using cut-off values, NFSC may prove a useful tool for pain assessment in the postoperative period.
-
This study examines the effects of phosphodiesterase type III (PDEIII) inhibition vs beta stimulation on global function of the left ventricle (LV) and systemic haemodynamics in a porcine model of acute coronary stenosis with beta blockade. ⋯ From our limited findings, it would appear that there may, theoretically, be some benefit for using milrinone in preference to other inotropic drugs in the presence of beta blockade. Milrinone administration should be considered in patients with acute ischaemic LV dysfunction and preexisting beta blockade before using other inotropic drugs such as beta stimulants.