British journal of anaesthesia
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Sevoflurane protects the myocardium against ischaemic injury through protein kinase C (PKC) activation, mitochondrial K+ATP-channel (mitoK+ATP) opening and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, it is unclear whether the type of ischaemia determines the involvement of these signalling molecules. We therefore investigated whether hypoxia (HYP) or metabolic inhibition (MI), which differentially inhibit the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), are comparable concerning the relative contribution of PKC, mitoK+ATP and ROS in sevoflurane-induced cardioprotection. ⋯ PKC, mitoK+ATP and ROS are involved in sevoflurane-induced cardioprotection after HYP or MI, suggesting that the means of mitochondrial ETC inhibition does not determine the signal transduction pathway for cardioprotection by anaesthetics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Correlation and agreement between bispectral index and state entropy of the electroencephalogram during propofol anaesthesia.
Bispectral index (BIS) and state entropy (SE) monitor hypnosis. We evaluated the correlation and the agreement between those parameters during propofol anaesthesia and laryngoscopy with and without muscle relaxation. ⋯ BIS and SE are globally well correlated. In contrast, agreement is poor as differences of more than 20 units are frequently observed, except for awake and paralysed patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of addition of intrathecal clonidine to hyperbaric bupivacaine on postoperative pain and morphine requirements after Caesarean section: a randomized controlled trial.
Intrathecal clonidine prolongs spinal anaesthesia. We investigated the effect of the addition of clonidine (75 microg) to hyperbaric bupivacaine on postoperative morphine consumption after Caesarean section in a randomized controlled double-blind trial. ⋯ The addition of clonidine (75 microg) to hyperbaric bupivacaine prolongs spinal anaesthesia after Caesarean section and improves early analgesia, but does not reduce the postoperative morphine consumption during the first 24 h. No clinically relevant maternal or neonatal side-effects were detected.