British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Etomidate-Lipuro is associated with considerably less injection pain in children compared with propofol with added lidocaine.
Propofol is associated with a high incidence of injection pain in children, even if given together with lidocaine. A new lipid formulation of etomidate (Etomidate-Lipuro) has been found in adults to cause very little discomfort during i.v. injection. The aim of the present prospective, double-blind, randomized trial was to compare the incidence of injection pain during i.v. induction of anaesthesia between propofol with added lidocaine (previous standard) and this new etomidate formulation in paediatric patients. ⋯ The use of a new lipid formulation of etomidate is associated with significantly less injection pain than propofol with added lidocaine in children. This finding may warrant a change in clinical practice in order to avoid unnecessary pain in children.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Intranasal lidocaine 8% spray for second-division trigeminal neuralgia.
Trigeminal nerve block has been widely used for trigeminal neuralgia. This may induce paraesthesia. The second division of the trigeminal nerve passes through the sphenopalatine ganglion, which is located posterior to the middle turbinate and is covered by a mucous membrane. We examined the effectiveness of intranasal lidocaine 8% spray on paroxysmal pain in second-division trigeminal neuralgia. ⋯ Intranasal lidocaine 8% administered by a metered-dose spray produced prompt but temporary analgesia without serious adverse reactions in patients with second-division trigeminal neuralgia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Intermittent vs continuous administration of epidural ropivacaine with fentanyl for analgesia during labour.
Many years ago regular intermittent bolus administration of epidural local anaesthetic solution was recognized to produce more effective analgesia than continuous infusion, but only recently has the development of suitable pumps allowed the former technique's wider evaluation. ⋯ The intermittent group required fewer supplementary injections and less drug to maintain similar pain scores, sensory and motor block compared with the continuous group. This represents a more efficacious mode of analgesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Intra-articular magnesium is effective for postoperative analgesia in arthroscopic knee surgery.
Several medications are commonly injected intra-articularly for postoperative analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery. Among the potentially efficient substances, magnesium could be of particular interest through its NMDA-receptor blocking properties. ⋯ Intra-articular magnesium is effective for postoperative analgesia in arthroscopic knee surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
The effect of epidural sufentanil in ropivacaine on urinary retention in patients undergoing gastrectomy.
Although epidural opioids have excellent analgesic property, their side-effects limit its use in patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA). This study was designed to compare side-effects of epidural sufentanil in ropivacaine with that of morphine in ropivacaine focusing on lower urinary tract function after major abdominal surgery. ⋯ The lower incidence of major/serious micturition problem in patients receiving sufentanil in ropivacaine thoracic epidural analgesia suggests that continuation of urinary drainage may not be necessary from POD 1 onwards.