British journal of anaesthesia
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Review Meta Analysis
Efficacy of adding clonidine to intrathecal morphine in acute postoperative pain: meta-analysis.
Intrathecal clonidine slightly improves the analgesic effects of intrathecal morphine, though increases hypotension (harm ratio 1.8).
pearl -
Review Meta Analysis
Patients with end-stage renal disease admitted to the intensive care unit: systematic review.
The number of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is increasing worldwide, with a growing demand on healthcare services. A systematic review of the literature was performed to determine the requirement for intensive care unit (ICU) services, reasons for admission, predictors of mortality, and short- and long-term outcomes of ESRD patients admitted to ICU. Sixteen studies were identified, comprising 6591 ICU admissions. ⋯ Although the mortality rate remains high shortly after hospital discharge, the duration of increased mortality risk is unclear. Patients with ESRD frequently benefit from ICU admission, despite chronic co-morbidity. Further studies are required to modify and validate existing illness severity scores for ESRD patients admitted to the ICU, and to establish the duration of increased mortality risk after discharge from ICU.