Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Jul 2012
Editorial CommentConnective tissues associated with peripheral nerves.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Jul 2012
Real-time evaluation of diffusion of the local anesthetic solution during peribulbar block using ultrasound imaging and clinical correlates of diffusion.
The aims of this prospective observational study were to assess the incidence of intraconal spread during peribulbar (extraconal) anesthesia by real-time ultrasound imaging of the retro-orbital compartment and to determine whether a complete sensory and motor block (with akinesia) of the eye is directly related to the intraconal spread. ⋯ Ultrasound imaging provides information of local anesthetic spread within the retro-orbital space, which might assist in the prediction of block success.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Jul 2012
Meta AnalysisDose-ranging effects of intrathecal epinephrine on anesthesia/analgesia: a meta-analysis and metaregression of randomized controlled trials.
Intrathecal epinephrine has been examined by clinical studies, but its effects on analgesia/anesthesia outcomes as well as on undesirable adverse effects is not clearly defined. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of intrathecal epinephrine on intrathecal anesthesia/analgesia. ⋯ Intrathecal epinephrine has dose-dependent clinical and adverse effects. Doses of 100 µg or less prolonged sensory and motor block duration but were associated with greater incidence of hypotension or PONV. Intrathecal epinephrine doses greater than 100 µg prolonged sensory and motor block and were not associated with greater incidence of hypotension and PONV.