The Journal of urology
-
The Journal of urology · Dec 2020
ReviewThe Role of Opioids and Their Receptors in Urological Malignancy: A Review.
We reviewed the literature surrounding the role of opioids and their receptors in urological malignancy. Recent studies have suggested clinically significant effects of agonism or antagonism of opioid receptors on cancer related outcomes and tumorigenesis. The focus of these efforts has centered on nonurological malignancies. However, a compelling body of evidence is growing in the fields of prostate, bladder and kidney cancer. ⋯ Evidence surrounding the role of opioids and their receptors in urological malignancy is provocative and should serve as an impetus for further investigation.
-
The Journal of urology · Nov 2020
Review Comparative StudyCoronavirus Disease 2019: Coronaviruses and Kidney Injury.
The first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was identified and confirmed in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. COVID-19 is gradually posing a serious threat to global public health. In this review the characteristics and mechanism of kidney injury caused by SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infection are summarized and contrasted. In particular, urine-oral transmission, prevention and management of the kidney injury caused by SARS-CoV-2 are emphasized. ⋯ Emerging evidence supports that in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections the prevalence of kidney injury is high and usually leads to a poor prognosis. Optimal prevention and management of kidney injury will benefit patients with COVID-19.
-
The Journal of urology · Nov 2020
ReviewDelaying Cancer Cases in Urology during COVID-19: Review of the Literature.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic affecting hospital systems and the availability of resources for surgical procedures. Our aim is to provide guidance for urologists to help prioritize urological cancer surgeries. ⋯ This review should further assist urologists in recognizing patients with potentially aggressive tumor biology that warrants early treatment.
-
The Journal of urology · Mar 2020
Meta AnalysisFosfomycin Trometamol versus Comparator Antibiotics for the Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness and safety profile of fosfomycin vs comparator antibiotics in women with acute uncomplicated cystitis. ⋯ Single dose oral fosfomycin trometamol is equal to comparator regimens in terms of clinical and microbiological effectiveness and safety in women with microbiologically confirmed and/or clinically suspected, acute uncomplicated cystitis. It is associated with high patient compliance.
-
The Journal of urology · Dec 2019
ReviewEmerging Immunotherapy Options for bacillus Calmette-Guérin Unresponsive Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.
Due to the high rate of recurrence and progression in patients with high risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer, there is an important unmet need to identify new therapies. This is particularly true for patients with recurrence after optimal intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy, who are classified as having bacillus Calmette-Guérin unresponsive disease. ⋯ There is a clear biological and clinical rationale for the continued evaluation of immune based therapies in the setting of bacillus Calmette-Guérin unresponsive nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. Data from early phase trials with novel immunotherapies targeting multiple immune related pathways have emerged, which support additional studies to assess the benefits of immune checkpoint inhibitors and other immunotherapy based regimens for patients with bacillus Calmette-Guérin unresponsive nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.