Arch Iran Med
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There is no clear picture regarding the prevalence rates of autism and its comorbidities among Iranian children and adolescents. The present study aimed to estimate these rates as part of a large national population-based study on epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in Iranian children and adolescents. ⋯ The present study shows high prevalence rates for autism and its comorbid conditions among Iranian children and adolescents. It also reveals that there is a relationship between some maternal psychiatric disorders and the risk of autism.
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Meta Analysis
Prolonged versus Intermittent Infusion of Antibiotics in Acute and Severe Infections: A Meta-analysis.
Acute and severe infections are an absolute indication for the use of intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics. However, previous studies have found inconsistent clinical advantages of prolonged (extended [≥3-hour infusion] or continuous [24-hour fixed rate infusion]) over intermittent (6, or 8, or 12 interval hours infusion) infusion. The clinical superiority between prolonged and intermittent infusion in treating acute and severe infections thus continues to be elusive. We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective and retrospective observational studies to determine whether prolonged infusion, compared to intermittent infusion, is correlated with lower mortality and better clinical outcome. ⋯ Better outcomes in hospitalized patients, especially in those who were critical ill, were reported in prolonged infusion of intravenous antibiotics compared with traditional intermittent infusion.
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The benefits of tricuspid valve (TV) repair in patients with moderate tricuspid regurgitation (TR) during left-sided valve surgery are under debate. We investigated independent predictors for reduction in TR severity following left-sided valve surgery in patients with moderate TR. ⋯ Tricuspid annuloplasty may be useful in patients who have moderate TR undergoing left-sided valve surgery regardless of the tricuspid annulus diameter, and it can play an effective role in the improvement of TR at mid-term follow-up.
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Monosomy 18p syndrome is one of the prototypical examples of autosomal terminal deletions. This deletion can be the consequence of de novo deletions, malsegregation of a balanced parental translocation, cryptic subtelomeric deletions or ring chromosome 18. The present case is a rare cytogenetic variant of monosomy 18 as a consequence of whole-arm translocation between chromosomes 13 and 18 which has been reported only three times previously.
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An Exploratory Study of Units of Reporting Opium Usein Iran: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies.
Measuring the amount of opium use is a challenge in epidemiologic studies. Self-report of amount of opium use at each consumption, widely used in the literature, usually fails to provide a good estimate. The purpose of this study is to systematically study the perceived weight units of reported opium use in Iran, and compare them to the standardized units of weight measurement. ⋯ In conclusion, the reported amount of opium use is highly inaccurate and unreliable, and is mainly subject to underestimation.