Arch Iran Med
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Weight disorders in childhood are considered as a global health problem with several adverse health effects. The objective of this study is to review available studies on the prevalence of overweight, obesity and underweight in Iranian pediatric population. ⋯ Similar to many other developing countries, double burden of nutritional disorders exists in children living in some parts of Iran. While till now most health policies and educational programs related to children's nutrition in Iran had focused on underweight and malnutrition, more attention should be paid to the problem of excess weight.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Designing and Evaluating an Empowering Program for Breastfeeding: A Mixed-Methods Study.
Breastfeeding empowerment is a key motivational, psychological and flexible factor influencing the continuance of breastfeeding. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to design and evaluate the empowering program for breastfeeding. ⋯ To empower women for breastfeeding, the mother, father and key family members should be educated using practical and visual teaching techniques during pregnancy and postpartum period. Moreover, since breastfeeding empowerment is established 2 weeks after childbirth, empowering programs should be implemented prior to this period.
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In the present study, we evaluated post-natal growth and psychomotor development status of infants at 6 months of age based on their gestational age at elective cesarean sections. ⋯ The results from this study demonstrated that postponing the time of planned elective cesareans beyond 39 weeks of gestation may improve infant's growth and psychomotor outcomes.
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Mutations and polymorphisms of the GSK3β gene have been associated with several diseases including Alzheimer disease, diabetes and cancer; however, to date, no variants of this gene have been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to explore, for the first time, the association of the GSK3β rs334558 and rs6438552 polymorphisms with CRC. ⋯ Our results denote that GSK3β gene polymorphisms play a significant role in promoting or preventing CRC. Additionally, variations in this gene are associated with the tumor site and the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage in these patients.
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Hydatidosis is an important zoonotic parasite disease in several herbivorous mammals. Human cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by infection with larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus has been frequently reported from different organs. Here, we report the first case of a urinary echinococcosis in Iran with a pain in the lower left abdominal quadrant and severe frequent urination (pollakiuria). ⋯ The isolated cysts from liver and urinary bladder were referred to pathology laboratory, and the tissue sections were stained with Tri-chrome and Hematoxylin/eosin staining methods. Microscopic examination of prepared tissue sections showed protoscoleces of E. granulosus with specific and thick laminated hyaline layer (non-cellular membrane), with covers the thin activate germinal epithelium, which revealed the diagnosis of a hydatid cyst. This rare case illustrates that CE is the necessity of considering in the differential diagnosis from cysts, abscesses, malignant and benignant tumors, especially is essential in endemic areas of CE.