Dtsch Arztebl Int
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Regression analysis is a standard method in medical research. It is often not clear, however, how the individual components of regression models are to be understood and interpreted. In this article, we provide an overview of this type of analysis and discuss its special features when used in observational studies. ⋯ Researchers need a basic understanding of regression models so that these models will be well defined and their findings will be fully reported and correctly interpreted.
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Observational Study
Midazolam for Post-Arrest Sedation in Pre-Hospital Emergency Care—a Multicenter Propensity Score Analysis.
An out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) may need to be treated with airway management, emergency ventilation, invasive interventions, and post-arrest sedation. We investigated the influence of the use of midazolam for post-arrest sedation on achieving post-resuscitation care targets and the associated risk of hemodynamic complications. ⋯ The pre-hospital administration of midazolam leads to more frequent pre-hospital attainment of the oxygenation and ventilation targets in post-resuscitation care, without any evidence of an elevated risk of hemodynamic complications.
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Observational Study
The Agreement Between Diagnoses as Stated by Patients and Those Contained in Routine Health Insurance Data—Results of a Data Linkage Study.
The frequency of medical diagnoses is a figure of central importance in epidemiology and health services research. Prevalence estimates vary depending on the underlying data. For a better understanding of such discrepancies, we compared patients' diagnoses as reported by themselves in response to our questioning with their diagnoses as stated in the routine data of their health insurance carrier. ⋯ Diagnoses as stated by patients often differ from those found in routine health insurance data. Discrepancies that can be considered negligible were found for only two of the 11 diseases that we studied. Our investigation confirms that these two sources of data yield different estimates of prevalence. Age is a key factor; further reasons for the discrepancies should be investigated, and avoidable causes should be addressed.
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Observational Study
External Validation of the SMART Medical Clearance Form for Emergency Patients With Psychiatric Manifestations.
The SMART Medical Clearance Form, developed in the USA, is used to standardize the medical evaluation of emergency patients with primarily psychiatric manifestations. The goal of this study was external validation of the use of this form. ⋯ Use of the SMART Medical Clearance Form apparently enables safe standardized processing of patients with psychiatric manifestations in the emergency room.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Men's Access to Outpatient Psychosocial Cancer Counseling—a Cluster-Randomized Trial.
Men make use of outpatient cancer counseling less commonly than women, even when they stand to benefit from it. ⋯ The targeted implementation of malespecific measures on multiple levels can increase, by a small amount, the percentage of men among persons seeking outpatient cancer counseling.