Int J Med Sci
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Lung cancer is a highly fatal disease that poses a significant global health burden. The absence of characteristic clinical symptoms frequently results in the diagnosis of most patients at advanced stages of lung cancer. Although low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening has become increasingly prevalent in clinical practice, its high rate of false positives continues to present a significant challenge. ⋯ We summarize and enumerate research studies that have investigated lung cancer metabolomics using different metabolomic sample types. Finally, we provide a perspective on the future of metabolomics research in lung cancer. Our discussion of the potential of metabolomics in developing new tumor biomarkers may inspire further study and innovation in this dynamic field.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Novel model of pyroptosis-related molecular signatures for prognosis prediction of clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients.
Background: Pyroptosis is a programmed death mode of inflammatory cells, which is closely related to tumor progression and tumor immunity. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the major pathological type of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with poor prognosis. Many theories have tried to clarify the mechanism in the development of ccRCC, but the role of pyroptosis in ccRCC has not been well described. ⋯ Results: The model was able to differentiate high-risk patients from low-risk patients, and this differentiation was consistent with their clinical survival outcomes. In addition, the four PRGs also affected the ability of cell proliferation and invasion in ccRCC. Conclusion: The prediction model of pyroptosis-related molecular markers developed in this study may prove to be a novel understanding for ccRCC.
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Ischemic stroke ranks among the foremost clinical causes of mortality and disability, instigating neuronal degeneration, fatalities, and various sequelae. While standard treatments, such as intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy, prove effective, they come with limitations. Hence, there is a compelling need to develop neuroprotective agents capable of improving the functional outcomes of the nervous system. ⋯ This review delineates the mechanisms underpinning lithium's neuroprotective capabilities in the context of ischemic stroke. It elucidates the intricate interplay between these mechanisms and sheds light on the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory markers in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. Furthermore, the review offers directions for future research, thereby advancing the understanding of the potential therapeutic utility of lithium and establishing a theoretical foundation for its clinical application.
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Heart failure is a condition where reduced levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) affect energy supply in myocardial cells. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) plays a crucial role as a coenzyme for electron transfer in energy metabolism. Decreased NAD+ levels in myocardial cells lead to inadequate ATP production and increased susceptibility to heart failure. ⋯ Targets such as sirtuin2 (sirt2), sirtuin3 (sirt3), Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and diastolic regulatory proteins are being investigated. NAD+ supplementation has shown promise, even in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). By focusing on NAD+ as a central component of energy metabolism, it is possible to improve myocardial activity, heart function, and address energy deficiency in heart failure.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of 10 Minutes of Prewarming and Prewarmed Intravenous Fluid Administration on the Core Temperature of Patients Undergoing Transurethral Surgery under General Anesthesia.
Background: Patients undergoing transurethral urologic procedures using bladder irrigation are at increased risk of perioperative hypothermia. Thirty minutes of prewarming prevents perioperative hypothermia. However, its routine application is impractical. ⋯ Change in core temperature was 0.93 ± 0.3 °C and 0.55 ± 0.4 °C in the control group and prewarming group, respectively (P = 0.0001). Thermal comfort was better in the prewarming group (P = 0.004). Conclusions: Ten minutes of prewarming combined with warmed intravenous fluid significantly decreased the incidence of intraoperative hypothermia and resulted in better thermal comfort in patients undergoing transurethral urologic surgery under general anesthesia.