J Res Med Sci
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In recent years, stroke and ischemia-reperfusion injury has motivated researchers to find new ways to reduce the complications. Although reperfusion is essential for brain survival, it is like a double-edged sword that may cause further damage to the brain. Ischemic postconditioning (IPostC) refers to the control of blood flow in postischemia-reperfusion that can reduce ischemia-reperfusion injuries. ⋯ It seems that postconditioning can prevent damage to the brain by reducing the flow and blood pressure caused by hyperperfusion. It can protect the brain against damages such as stroke and hyperperfusion by activating various endogenous protection systems. In the present review article, we tried to evaluate both useful aspects of IPostC, neuroprotective effects, and fight against hyperperfusion.
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Oxidative stress plays a key role in brain damage because of the sensitivity of brain tissue to oxidative damage. Biomarkers with easy measurement can be a candidate for reflecting the oxidative stress issue in humans. For this reason, we need to focus on specific metabolic products of the brain. ⋯ Furthermore, because of the diffusion into the bloodstream, these lipophilic molecules can be detected in the blood. Accumulations of these compounds produce more reactive oxygen species and increase the sensitivity of cells to oxidative damage. Hence, LFPs can be considered a danger signal for neurons and can be introduced as a strong index of oxidative damage both in the central and in the peripheral.
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There have not been any clear studies on the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat osteoarthritis (OA) in the knee. ⋯ Different dosages of MSCs had the same pain-relieving effects on patients with OA in the knee. MSC injections were safe and beneficial in such cases.
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The objective of the study was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of semaglutide in overweight or obese adults with or without type 2 diabetes. ⋯ Semaglutide can effectively lose weight in overweight or obese adults with or without diabetes, potentially providing cardiovascular benefits; however, gastrointestinal adverse should be closely monitored.
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Aluminum phosphate (ALP) poisoning has a high mortality rate (MR) secondary to cardiogenic shock. Recently, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) showed a successful result in this issue. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the MR of patients with ALP poisoning who underwent ECMO versus those with conventional treatment. ⋯ ECMO reduced the MR of ALP-poisoned patients; however, it is a highly invasive and complicated procedure.