Pak J Med Sci
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To compare the accuracy of three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of scar pregnancy. ⋯ Both three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound and MRI have good diagnostic efficacy in the diagnosis of scar pregnancy. Detection rates of scar pregnancy diagnostic criteria differ between the two methods, and if necessary, the two methods can be used together, to further improve the diagnostic accuracy of scar pregnancy.
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Stressful situations are often linked with poor health and lifestyle behaviors (e.g., unhealthy diet, limited physical activity, poor sleep quality etc.). Subsequent to the nationwide lockdown in Pakistan due to COVID-19 pandemic, medical students experienced substantial lifestyle changes along with academic stresses. The goal of this study was to measure the impact that the COVID-19 lockdown had on lifestyle like sleep, physical activity and nutrition, substance abuse, dealing with finances, spirituality and family life, with respect to a sample of Pakistani medical students. ⋯ Our findings underscore that COVID-19 pandemic has led to undesired changes in health and lifestyle habits of medical students, which may, to some extent, be responsible for higher negative impact. Hence it is important for medical colleges to start awareness campaigns to tackle challenges for medical students physical and emotional well-being.
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Pakistan has witnessed a dramatic change in the increasing prevalence and emergence of HIV subtypes for more than two decades. Pakistani population is increasingly engaged in high-risk practices, and the prescribed drugs are potentially causing resistance. There are chances that these resistant strains are beginning to circulate from high-risk to the general population. ⋯ We hereby report major novel mutations and several minor mutations that may have a drastic change in the drug resistance pattern.
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To investigate the value of CT arterial enhancement fraction (AEF) in the post-processing technique of liver perfusion-like phase III enhanced CT scan in evaluating the degree of liver function impairment in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis. ⋯ AEF boasts the value of differentiating liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, and of evaluating the degree of liver function impairment in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis.
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To evaluate and compare the Ondansetron and Granisetron in preventing spinal anaesthesia induced hemodynamic instability in obstetric patients. ⋯ High dose granisetron (3mg) is superior to low dose ondansetron (4mg) in preventing hemodynamic fluctuations induced by spinal anaesthesia.