Pak J Med Sci
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Obturator hernia is a rare clinical condition, mainly affecting the elderly and frail patients. It is often challenging to diagnose, and carries a significant morbidity and mortality risk. We aim to highlight the importance of timely and adequate diagnosis followed by early intervention that can be done as open or laparoscopic. ⋯ We discuss the role of CT scanning in diagnosis, the necessity of prompt surgical management, and the possibility of open and laparoscopic approaches through a literature review. The choice between open and laparoscopic approaches should be individualized, considering the patient's clinical status and the potential risks and benefits of each technique. Further research comparing the long-term results of open versus laparoscopic repair in incarcerated obturator hernia is something to be explored in the efforts of achieving the highest standards of patient care and maximizing the chances for an optimal treatment outcome.
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To investigate the efficacy of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs in diabetic retinopathy (DR)-retinal microaneurysms, and its prognosis. ⋯ For patients with DR complicated with macular edema, early use of anti-VEGF drugs can significantly improve the fundus lesions, reduce the CRT and number of retinal microaneurysms, and improve the BCVA of the patients, with high clinical efficacy.
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Paragangliomas are slow-growing, extra-adrenal neuroendocrine tumors with rare intracranial presentation. Although benign, they can be locally aggressive tumors causing bone destruction and compression related symptoms. We report the case of a 19 years old, normotensive female who presented with headache and vertigo for the past six months. ⋯ Radiotherapy was advised on follow up visit with no new post-operative deficits seen. Primary CPA paraganglioma should be included in the list of differentials of CPA lesions. Surgical excision in the absence of preoperative embolization of paraganglioma can be successful.
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Case Reports
A case of adult ETV6-ASCL6 fusion gene positive chronic myeloproliferative tumor and literature review.
ETV6-ASCL6 fusion gene plays an important role in hematopoiesis and hematological malignancies, but it is rare in hematological diseases. This paper describes a case of etv6-ascl6 fusion gene positive patient who was successively diagnosed as myelofibrosis, eosinophilic leukemia, basophilic leukemia and secondary acute myeloid leukemia. The clinical manifestations and disease evolution have its unique characteristics.
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To investigate the effects of phacoemulsification with 90° transparent corneal incision on corneal astigmatism and visual acuity in patients undergoing cataract surgery. ⋯ A 90° transparent corneal incision may result in various benefits during phacoemulsification, such as correcting corneal astigmatism in patients with compliant cataracts, promoting early postoperative visual recovery, and stabilizing axial position after surgery.