Pak J Med Sci
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Estimation of fetal maturity is common in obstetric practice especially when the women do not keep accurate menstrual records. An accurate establishment of expected date of delivery is fundamental to the management of both high risk and normal pregnancies. The objective of this study was to determine the placental diameter (PD), placental thickness (PT) and to establish a correlation between PD, PT and gestational age. ⋯ Placental thickness and Placental diameter can be used to predict gestational age. It is therefore advised to use PT & PD in ultrasound obstetric assessment especially when Last menstrual period (LMP) is not clear.
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To determine maternal and perinatal outcome after Ramadan fasting during pregnancy. ⋯ Fasting women were not found to have poor maternal and fetal outcomes when compared to non-fasting women.
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To determine the effectiveness of Fragility Fracture Integrated Rehabilitation Management (FIRM) on mobility, activity of daily living and cognitive functioning in elderly with hip fracture. ⋯ Both groups improved in indoor mobility with walker and crutches as well as activities of daily living. But FIRM showed more improving ambulation with walker and stair climbing. While cognitive functioning was observed only in FIRM group.
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To compare the efficacy of tranexamic acid mesotherapy versus 0.9% normal saline for melasma by split-face study. ⋯ Tranexamic Acid (TA) mesotherapy can be considered as the most cost-effective, safe and directly observed therapy for melasma which showed significant improvement when old prior therapies have failed.
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To compare pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative parameters in Down syndrome (DS) and non-DS patients with atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD) and inlet ventricular septal defects (VSD) in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. ⋯ DS babies with AVSD and inlet VSD are at a greater risk of mortality compared to non-DS babies, particularly those with CAVSD. Furthermore, DS babies undergo surgery at a younger age and require more aggressive post-operative therapy and monitoring due to the development of complications.