Terapevt Arkh
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Historical Article
[On the institutionalization of Russian pulmonology: the second and third stages of its history].
For the first time, the authors conducted a historical analysis of primary sources and identified 3 stages in the history of Russian pulmonology, naming 8 of its founders. The content is disclosed in two articles (the first one was published in No. 3 of our journal for 2024). This article tells about the second (pulmonology as an independent scientific and educational discipline within the clinic of internal diseases) and the third (as a new medical specialty) stages of the history of Russian pulmonology in the XX century.
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To study the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) on the severity of liver steatosis and fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). ⋯ When NAFLD is accompanied by DM2, there is an increase in total fat mass, the severity of steatosis and liver fibrosis, and an associated deterioration of lipid metabolism. More than half of these patients have various stages of liver fibrosis, which indicates the progressive nature of the disease.
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To evaluate the possibilities of post-processing of multidetector computed tomography (CT) results in the non-invasive diagnosis of pancreatic fibrosis (PF). ⋯ The CR value increased in patients with severe degree of PF. There was a relationship between CR value increase and the radiological density of pancreatic tissue in non-contrast phase and presence of early signs of pancreatic inflammatory changes. Thus, there was a relationship between CT postprocessing results and morphological signs of PF, which can be used for pancreatic fibrosis non-invasive diagnosis and identification of additional signs of early chronic pancreatitis.
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Medication errors can cause preventable adverse events. For example, inappropriate use of anticoagulants (AC) can result in bleeding and thromboembolic complications. Detection and analysis of AC medication errors allow to reveal deficiencies in the safety systems in healthcare organizations. ⋯ Method of systematic detection of AC medication errors using combined triggers in all hospitalized patients receiving AC allowed to reveal typical medication errors for consequent analysis and elaboration of measures to reduce preventable patient harm in healthcare settings.
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To assess the incidence of glucose metabolism disorders, administered hypoglycemic therapy and its effectiveness in a cohort of patients with previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) hospitalized for scheduled lower limb joint arthroplasty. ⋯ The cohort of patients hospitalized for elective lower limb joint arthroplasty is characterized by a relatively high incidence of glucose metabolism disorders, and in some patients, DM was newly diagnosed during the preoperative examination. Metformin is most often used as hypoglycemic therapy, and the target values of glycemia during treatment were achieved in less than half of the patients. The monitoring of the level of glycated hemoglobin is low and requires additional population analysis in order to determine the causes and optimize the strategy of patient management.