A & A case reports
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Case Reports
Essential Thrombocytosis and Labor Epidural Placement While on Aspirin: Assessing Hemorrhagic Risks: A Case Report.
Essential thrombocytosis (ET) is a rare disease with known thrombotic and bleeding complications. We encountered a patient with a diagnosis of longstanding Janus kinase-2 gene-negative ET on aspirin therapy presenting for labor epidural. ⋯ The relevant issues of ET for anesthesia management with labor epidurals are discussed. Unique, relevant, and unexpected findings from the platelet function testing are presented.
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Coagulopathy induced by trauma or cirrhosis is a well-recognized entity. Viscoelastic testing has been used in either condition for goal-directed transfusion and detection of fibrinolysis since conventional coagulation tests do not correlate with clinical risk of bleeding. Hemostatic resuscitation may not be adequate for a trauma patient with liver disease due to complex alterations in coagulation systems and occasionally require adjuvant therapy. We report a case of trauma-induced coagulopathy presenting as severe hyperfibrinolysis in a cirrhotic patient who was refractory to hemostatic resuscitation but was rapidly corrected by the administration of tranexamic acid and recombinant Factor VIIa.
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Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired thrombophilic disorder characterized by autoantibodies to cell membrane phospholipids. While altered coagulation can complicate end-stage liver disease, there are few reports describing the perioperative management for liver transplantation in recipients with a preexisting hypercoagulable disorder, such as APS. We present a patient with a history of APS, Budd-Chiari syndrome with cirrhosis, hepatopulmonary syndrome, and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia who underwent liver transplantation complicated by hepatic artery thrombosis. Management included postoperative anticoagulation with a factor Xa inhibitor and, after repeat transplantation, transition to long-term anticoagulation therapy with eventual recovery.
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Risk factors for intraoperative immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions may require allergological evaluation. We report the case of a hairdresser with a positive history of penicillin hypersensitivity and anaphylactic shock during previous general anesthesia, whose in vivo and in vitro allergy tests were positive for neuromuscular blocking agents, opioids, and midazolam. Immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions to antibiotics and professional exposure to hairdressing products might induce simultaneous cross-sensitization to multiple drugs that are commonly used during general anesthesia.