Aerospace medicine and human performance
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Howard CT, Vu P. You're the flight surgeon: hand, foot, and mouth disease. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2015; 86(5):497-500.
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Aerosp Med Hum Perform · Apr 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialA novel rescue-tube device for in-water resuscitation.
In-water resuscitation (IWR) is recommended in the 2010 guidelines of the European Resuscitation Council. As IWR represents a physical challenge to the rescuer, a novel Rescue Tube device with an integrated "Oxylator" resuscitator might facilitate IWR. The aim of the present study was the assessment of IWR using the novel Rescue Tube device. ⋯ The device might facilitate IWR by providing effective ventilation with minimal aspiration and by reducing physical effort. Another advantage is the possibility of delivering 100% oxygen.
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Aerosp Med Hum Perform · Apr 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialOxygen requirement to reverse altitude-induced hypoxemia with continuous flow and pulsed dose oxygen.
Hypoxemia secondary to reduced barometric pressure is a complication of ascent to altitude. We designed a study to compare the reversal of hypobaric hypoxemia at 14,000 ft with continuous flow oxygen from a cylinder and pulsed dose oxygen from a portable concentrator. ⋯ Portable oxygen concentrators using pulsed dose technology corrected hypoxemia in every subject. Oxygen concentrators may be an alternative to liquid oxygen or cylinders for use during aeromedical evacuation.
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Aerosp Med Hum Perform · Apr 2015
Cognitive and perceptual deficits of normobaric hypoxia and the time course to performance recovery.
Many in-flight hypoxia-like incidents involve exposure to normobaric hypoxia following an oxygen delivery equipment failure. Studies have documented the effect of hypoxia on specific aspects of human performance. The goal of the present study was to establish the effects of acute hypoxia on cognitive, psychomotor, and perceptual abilities and to chronicle the time required for these capabilities to fully recover to pre-exposure levels. ⋯ Evidence from this study suggests an impairment of specific performance characteristics following hypoxic exposure - some for a considerable period of time. Mitigation efforts should focus more on the prevention of hypoxia exposure rather than relying exclusively on training operators to recognize and react earlier to hypoxic symptomology.