Sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza
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The objective of the present work was to study the specific constructional features of a 9.0 mm pneumatic rifle designed to use three types of bullets differing in the head shape. Also, the morphological signs of the injuries inflicted by such bullets that can serve as the prerequisites for objective differentiation of the damages are considered. The study revealed peculiarities of experimental damage to the non-biological (plasticine blocks) and biological (bio-mannequins) simulators of homogeneous human tissues inflicted by the shots from the pneumatic rifle from different distances.
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The objective of the present study was to compare the injurious action of three types of the bullets for the pneumatic weapons shot from different distances using the Gamo pump air pistol and the BAM B22-1 pneumatic rifle. The following four kinds of the bullets were tested: "the fireball", "Luman cap 0.3", "Luman Field Target 0.68" and "DIABOLO". ⋯ The studies by the contact-diffusion method have demonstrated that the entrance bullet holes created by the shots from pneumatic weapons are surrounded by dispersed metal particles which makes it possible to estimate the shooting distance. Moreover, the bullets fired from the pneumatic weapons leave the muzzle face imprint on certain target materials.
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The authors consider the necessity of determining the severity of harm inflicted to human health by the inaction of the officials and other persons responsible for rendering assistance to a patient in accordance with article 124 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The absence of the normative formulation of the forensic medical criteria for the assessment of the degree of the harm to human health as a result of inaction of the subjects responsible for rendering medical aid creates difficulties for the enforcement of article 124 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in its present wording. This problem awaits further studies for the possible adoption of the uniform normative and regulatory documents for the consistent application of the definition of inaction with reference to the assessment of not rendering medical assistance.