Journal of neurosciences in rural practice
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J Neurosci Rural Pract · Apr 2019
Case ReportsConcurrent Venous Stenting of the Transverse and Occipito-Marginal Sinuses: An Analogy with Parallel Hemodynamic Circuits.
Nonthrombotic intracranial venous occlusive disease (NIVOD) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and various non-IIH headache syndromes. Endovascular stenting of stenotic, dominant transverse sinuses (TSs) may reduce trans-stenosis pressure gradients, decrease intracranial pressure, and alleviate symptoms in a subset of NIVOD patients. ⋯ We hypothesize that this observation may be explained using an electric-hydraulic analogy, and that this patient's dominant TS and occipito-marginal sinus may be modeled as a parallel hemodynamic circuit. Neurointerventionalists should be aware of parallel hemodynamic drainage patterns and consider manometry and possibly additional stenting of stenotic, parallel venous outflow pathways if TS stenting alone fails to obliterate the trans-stenosis pressure gradient.
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J Neurosci Rural Pract · Apr 2019
Case ReportsDecompression Hemicraniectomy for Refractory Intracranial Hypertension in Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome.
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a disorder of dysregulation of cerebrovascular tone resulting in transient segmental vasoconstriction which resolves in 1-3 months. Cerebral edema is an underrecognized complication in RCVS. It is likely multifactorial. ⋯ She was discharged to inpatient rehabilitation with residual right homonymous hemianopia. Transcranial Doppler study during follow-up showed improved mean flow velocities. She continued to have residual cognitive deficits with complete resolution of headache.
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J Neurosci Rural Pract · Apr 2019
Radiological Parameters to Predict Hemorrhagic Progression of Traumatic Contusional Brain Injury.
Traumatic intracerebral contusion is a frequent factor culminating in death and disability, and its progression relates to unfavorable outcome. We evaluated the radiological factors associated with hemorrhagic progression of contusions (HPC). ⋯ Initial computed tomography scan is a good predictor of high-risk group for HPC.
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J Neurosci Rural Pract · Jan 2019
Case ReportsOsmotic Demyelination Syndrome - Evolution of Extrapontine Before Pontine Myelinolysis on Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Osmotic demyelination syndrome is a rare entity characterized by noninflammatory demyelination afflicting the central pons, basal ganglia, thalami, peripheral cortex, and hippocampi. Histopathologically, there is a destruction of myelin sheaths sparing the underlying neuronal axons due to the susceptibility of oligodendrocytes to rapid osmotic shifts often encountered in chronically debilitated patients. We present the temporal progression of signal abnormalities on sequential magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in a middle-aged male initially presenting with altered mental status due to severe hyponatremia and subsequently developing rigidity, diagnosed as osmotic demyelination syndrome based on typical imaging findings and supportive laboratory parameters. This case demonstrates the importance of diffusion signal abnormalities as the first indicator of osmotic demyelination, evolution of extrapontine before pontine signal changes and the relative lack of correlation between patient's clinical profile and the extent of MRI signal abnormalities.
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J Neurosci Rural Pract · Oct 2018
Determinants of Timing of Presentation of Neurotrauma Patients to a Neurosurgical Center in a Developing Country.
A major goal in neurotrauma management is the prevention of secondary neuronal injuries. This goal is time bound as neurological deficits once established are usually irreversible. Late presentation is the norm in most neurotrauma patients in developing countries. ⋯ Delayed referral from primary care features prominently in timing of presentation of neurotrauma patients in Nigeria. There is a need for collaboration as well as continuing medical education between the neurotrauma specialists and primary care physicians.