The lancet oncology
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The lancet oncology · Jun 2012
Review Comparative StudyLenalidomide maintenance for multiple myeloma.
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The lancet oncology · Jun 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyChemoradiotherapy with capecitabine versus fluorouracil for locally advanced rectal cancer: a randomised, multicentre, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial.
Fluorouracil-based chemoradiotherapy is regarded as a standard perioperative treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer. We investigated the efficacy and safety of substituting fluorouracil with the oral prodrug capecitabine. ⋯ Roche Pharma AG (Grenzach-Wyhlen, Germany).
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The lancet oncology · Jun 2012
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialFocal therapy for localised unifocal and multifocal prostate cancer: a prospective development study.
Radical whole-gland therapy can lead to significant genitourinary and rectal side-effects for men with localised prostate cancer. We report on whether selective focal ablation of unifocal and multifocal cancer lesions can reduce this treatment burden. ⋯ Medical Research Council (UK), Pelican Cancer Foundation, and St Peters Trust.
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Since the identification of microRNAs (miRNAs) in 1993, and the subsequent discovery of their highly conserved nature in 2000, the amount of research into their function--particularly how they contribute to malignancy--has greatly increased. This class of small RNA molecules control gene expression and provide a previously unknown control mechanism for protein synthesis. As such, it is unsurprising that miRNAs are now known to play an essential part in malignancy, functioning as tumour suppressors and oncogenes. This Review summarises the present understanding of how miRNAs operate at the molecular level; how their dysregulation is a crucial part of tumour formation, maintenance, and metastasis; how they can be used as biomarkers for disease type and grade; and how miRNA-based treatments could be used for diverse types of malignancies.